Memoirs | polishexiles

Personal
memoirs / bios

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Halina ABLAMOWICZ - Halina recounts part of her mother's deportation journey and shares translations of poetry written by Siberian survivors.

Ryszarda ADAM - Dolinska - Bardaczewski: Ryszarda was deported with her parents and her brother. Her mother died there and her father was executed at Katyn. She and her brother joined the Polish 2nd Corps, and she joined the Women's Auxiliary and became a nurse. She served in the Middle East and the Italian Campaign. After the war, she lived in the Uk and then in Argentina, and eventually settled in Australia.

Stanislaw ADAMCZYK - Stanislaw served in the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign where he was killed in action.

Mieczyslaw ADAMEK - Mieczyslaw served in the September Campaign in Poland, the Battle for France, and the Polish Air Force in the UK.He was a Polish Fighter Ace pilot of 303 and 317 Polish Squadrons, and was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS, the Distinguished Flying medal (twice), and the Cross of Valour (3 times), among others. Mieczyslaw was killed in action in May 1944.

Lidia ADAMKIEWICZ, Dr.: During WW2, Lidia escaped Poland on foot, making it to Switzerland where she was allowed to complete her medical studies. After the war she settled in Montreal, Canada, became the first female doctor at l'Hotel Dieu hospital, and was a renowned practitioner and researcher.

Stanislaw ADAMKOWSKI: Stanislaw served as a border guard when WW2 broke out, and became a Prisoner of war of the Russians. Released by the 'amnesty' he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East and Italy. He settled in Canada after the war.

Tadeusz ANDERS: Youngest brother of General Wladyslaw Anders, Tadeusz participated in the September Campaign, then made his way to France to join the Polish Army being re-formed there. He was transferred to the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in the USA.

Anna ANDERS-NOWAKOWSKA: Anna was the first daughter of General W. Anders, from his first marriage. During the war, she was part of the Home Army (AK) and participated in the Warsaw Uprising. When she, her mother, and brother made their way to Italy to join her father, he wanted nothing to do with them, because of his affair with Renata Bogdanska, who was the same age as Anna. After the war, Anna eventually settled in Canada.

Maria ANDRZEJEWSKA - Deported to Siberia with her mother and older sister, after her father had been arrested by the Russians. Freed by the 'amnesty', they spent time in the Middle East, then settled in the UK after the war.

Helena ANTOLAK- Deported to Archangielsk region with her parents, sister, and brother. Her father later died in Kermine, and the rest of the family were sent to the Polish settlement at Ifundi in East Africa. Helena later joined the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish 2nd Corps and worked in a hospital in Scotland. After the war, she settled in Scotland.

Ryszard ANTOLAK - Ryszard writes about Iran and the Polish Exodus from Russia in 1942, giving the history of how they got there and what happened next.

Tadeusz ANTOSZEWSKI - Deported to Archangelsk region with his family. On release he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, then later transferred to the 1st Polish Armoured Division and fought in the European Campaign. He returned to Poland in 1947.

Zofia ARENT - Zofia was deported to Archangelsk region with her family. Her parents and two of her sisters died there. Zofia and two surviving sisters left the USSR with the Polish army and spent the rest of the war years in the Polish settlement at Valivade, India. After the war, she lived in England, then emigrated to Canada in 1968.

Jan ARTYMIUK - He evacuated Poland with his unit and made his way to France, then to England. From the summer of 1940 to July1941, he flew bomber missions in the 300 Squadron. In July 1941, the plane was shot down and the Jan became a Prisoner of War until the end of the war. He eventually settled in Australia.

Zdzislaw PESZKOWSKI - A detailed description of the evacuation from the USSR and the training in the Middle East of the 1st Regiment of the Krechowiecki Lancers of the Polish 2nd Corps.

Dawid AZRYLEWICZ / David AZRIELI - He escaped Nazi-occupied Poland and ended up in the USSR where he eventually joined the Polish 2nd Corps and evacuated with them to Persia (now Iran). He then made his way to Palestine where he fought in the Israeli War of Independence. He emigrated to Canada in 1954 and became a hugely-successful architect and philathropist.

Halina BABINSKA- Deported with her family, her parents died as a result of the conditions. She spent time in the Middle East, eventually settling in Canada

Alojzy BACH - He was sent to forced labour in Germany, then conscripted into the German army. He eventually joined the Polish 2nd Corps. After the war, he settlede in Canada

Antoni BADOWSKI - Captain Antoni Badowski, was a Siberian survivor, a soldier of General Anders' Polish 2nd Corps, and of General Maczek's 1st Polish Armoured Division. He returned to Poland in 1947.

Jerzy BAJAN - Colonel Jerzy Bajan served in the Polish Air Force in Poland, France, and Great Britain. After the war, he settled in England.

Stanislaw BAJKOWSKI - Deported with his family, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, and then then transferred to the 1st Independent Parachute Brigade. He participated in the Battle of Arnhem

Eugeniusz BAK - Deported with his family, his father joined the Polish 2nd Corps, while he and his mother spent the war years in a Polish settlement in India. He settled in the U.S. after the war and became a successful businessman and philanthropist.

Czeslaw BALINSKI - Czeslaw described the deportation and life in Siberia in an essay he wrote as a Cadet in the Middle East in 1942.

BALISZEWSKI Family - The family were deported to Siberia, where their two young children died. On release, Czeslaw joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign, while his wife Anna was sent to a camp in Africa. After the war, they lived in several resettlement camps in the UK. Here, their son Jan describes life at the Marsworth Polish Resettlement camp.

Bozena BALUT - Bozena Balut’s address to the Polish-Canadian Group on November 11, 1995. Inspired by her parents’ and grandparents’ generations, and by Polish soldiers serving in the Allied forces and in the Home Army. Dedicated to the memory of Jozef Majcher, soldier of the Polish Second Corps (and her mother’s older brother), killed in action in Italy in1944, and Stefan Jerzy Zukotynski, Flying Officer, RAF, Polish Squadron 300 (and her paternal grandmother’s youngest brother), shot down over France in 1943.

Zygfryd BANKOWSKI - Deported with his family, his father joined the Polish 2nd Corps, while he joined the Cadets and eventually served as a radio operator in the Polish Air Force in the UK. He settled in the U.S. after the war.

Roman BARANOWSKI - After escaping forced labour in Germany, he made his way to France and then to England, where he joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division, and participated in the European Campaign as Tank Commander. After the war, he spent some years in the UK before emigrating to Canada.

Adam BARDACH - After evacuating to Romania, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, 3rd Silesian Lancers Armoured Cavalry Brigade of the 3DSK, and participated in the Italian Campaign.

Janusz BARDACH - Excerpts from his book "Surviving Freedom, After the Gulag" describing his life in the Kolyma camp.

Sylwester BARDZINSKI - Sylwester fought in the September Campaign, evacuated to Hungary and made his way to France and eventually to the UK. He joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division and fought in the European Campaign. After the war, he settled in Belgium.

Adolf BARON - Deported to Siberia with his family, On release, he hoined the Polish 2nd Corps, trained in the Middle East, and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.

Eugeniusz BARON - Deported to Siberia with his family, Eugeniusz and his mother then spent the war years at a Polish settlement in Rusape, Rhodesia.After the war, he settled in Winnipeg, Canada.

Jozef BARTOSZYNSKI - Jozef served in the Police Army before the war. He was then arrested by the Russians and sent to a POW camp in Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps.

Kazimierz BARUT - Kazimierz was deported to Siberia with his family. Here he describes life in Siberia in great detail, as well as the journey south to join the Polish 2nd Corps. He, his father, and his brother served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign, while his mother and siblings were sent to the KIDUGALA Polish settlement in Africa. After the war, he emigrated to the USA.

Klara BARUT-GARSON - Deported to Siberia with her family, Klara then spent the war years at a Polish settlement in Africa. After the war, she spent some years in England

Stefan BARYLAK - Stefan moved to France with his parents when he was 7 years old. When WW2 broke out, he volunteered to join the 1st Polish Armoured Division and fought in the European Campaign. After the war, he returned to France.

Leon BASAJ - Leon was arrested by the Russians and sent to a forced labour camp in Archangelsk. Released by the 'amnesty' he made his way to the Polish Army forming in the southern USSR. Evacuated to Persia, he then transferred to the Polish Air Force in the UK. After the war, he remained in the UK.

Edward BATOR - Deported with his family - he and one brother joined the Cadets, while his father and two older brothers joined the Polish 2nd Corps and participated in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he spent some time in the UK before emigrating to the USA. He later served in the US military.

Helena BATOR - Deported to Siberia,s he joined the Polish 2nd Corps then volunteered for the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish Air Force in the UK. After the war, she settled in Winnipeg, Manitoba,

Mieczyslaw BATOR - Deported to Siberia, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and filled out a questionnaire in the Middle East in 1943. This is a translation of what he wrote.

Anna BAZIUK-BUTLER - Deported to Siberia with her family, Anna spent the war years in the Middle East. After the war, she emigrated to New Zealand with her two brothers, since their younger sister was already living there.

Marian BELC - Marian served as a pilot during the September Campaign in Poland. He evacuated to France and later to the UK where he participated in the Battle of Britain. He was killed in a training exercise on 27 August 1942. Marian was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS, the Cross of Valour (3 times), and the Distinguished Flying Cross.

Michal BEDNARCZYK - Michal fought in the September Campaign in Poland, was captured by the Russians a nd sent to a POW Camp in Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he spent some time in the UK before emigrating to Canada.

Stanislawa BEDNARCZYK - Stanislawa was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, she spent some time before being sent to a Polish settlement in Mombasa, Africa. After the war, she spent some time in the UK before emigrating to the United States.

Kazimierz BELDA - Kazimierz Bełda's account of deportation. He was deported from Wołyn but tells in this account of how half of his train was joined to half of a train coming from the Grodno region. His future wife, Wanda Laskowska was on the Grodno part of the train. They both ended up in Nikulinskaya Baza.

Danuta LUKOMSKA - Deported with her parents and three sisters to the Arkhangelsk region of Siberia. Her father died in a Siberian jail, and one sister died on a ship on the Indian Ocean. Danuta spent some time at the camp in Valivade, India, and in Koja, Uganda. After the war, sje settled in Canada.

Stanislaw BELZA - Stanislaw served in the 303 ‘Tadeusz Kościuszko’ Squadron, the 316 ‘City of Warsaw’ Squadron, and served as a flying instructor in 61 Operational Training Unit. He was killed in a flying accident on 11 April 1945.

Jozef BENTKOWSKI - Jozef was deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Cadets of the Polish 2nd Corps, while his family spent the rest of the war in Africa. After the war, he spent some time in England before emigrating to Canada.

BERNADINE SISTERS of St. Francis - Sister Marietta (Romualda Smolicz), Sister Clarine Gomulka, and Sister Laetissima Grula of Delaware County, PA. describe their deportation experiences.

Marcin BIALKOWSKI - Marcin fought in the September Campaign, was caught by the Russians and sent to a POW camp in Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Australia.

Teofila BIBIK - Teofila participated in the Home Army (AK) in Poland. She served as a courier. In 1957 she emigrated to Canada and became a successful entrepreneur,

Jan BIELATOWICZ - Jan fought in the September Campaign in Poland, then evacuated to Hungary. He eventually made his way to Palestine, fought at Tobruk, then fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in the UK

Kazimierz BIELSKI - Deported to Siberia by the Russians, on release he joined the Polish 2nd Corps. He served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he came to Canada on a two-year work contract, after which he settled in Winnipeg.

Kajetan BIENIECKI - After participating in the Home Army (AK), he escaped Soviet-occupied Poland and made his way to Italy. Here he describes that journey in great detail. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Stanislaw BIERNACIK - Stanislaw fought in the September Campaign, evacuated to Romania, joined the Polish forces in France, evacuated to the UK, joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division, and fought in the European Campaign. After the war, he spent some years in the UK before emigrating to the U.S.

Kazimierz BIERNACKI - When the Russians invaded Poland, Kazimierz was forcibly conscripted into the Russian Army. Released by the 'amnesty', he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Feliks BILOS - Deported to Siberia, Feliks joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Richard BITNER-GLINDZICZ - An excerpt from the book "Song for Kresy" : The journey south to join the POlish army, after being freed by the 'amnesty'

Maria BLUSZCZYNSKA - Deported to Siberia, she then joined the Polish army formed in the USSR and evacuated to the Middle East. She later joined the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish Air Force in the UK. Maria lost her entire family during the war, and her memoir describes the heart-breaking details. After the war, Maria settled in the UK.

Aleksander BOGDAN - Deported to Siberia with his parents and siblings, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. He spent some years in the UK before emigrating to Canada.

BOGUSLAWSKI Family - The five young siblings were deported to Siberia and their grandfather insisted on going with them, even though he was not on the list. It was thanks to him that the children survived Siberia.

Emilia BOHDANOWICZ-FULMYK - Deported with her family to Siberia. On release, they reached the Polish army and evacuated to Persia. She lived in Teheran and Beirut until 1947 when she moved to the UK. She later settled in Canada.

Krystyna BOJANOWICZ-KACZMARSKA - Deported with her parents and sister, who died in exile. She reached Persia, then spent the war years in Beirut, Lebanon. She moved to England after the war, and eventually emigrated to the U.S.

Henryk BOLCEWICZ - A Polish pilot who flew missions in the September Campaign in Poland, then in France, and later in 301 Squadron in the UK. He spent the latter years of the war in several German POW camps. Henryk settled in England after the war.

Jozef BONDAR - Jozef flew missions in the September Campaign in Poland, then in France, and in the 303 Squadron in the UK. He was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS. Jozef was killed in action in June 1941.

Stefania BORST - She describes the 6 years spent in Kazakhstan with her 2 small children and her maid

Pelagia BORYS - Pelgia was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, she joined the 3rd (Training) Transport Company, 2nd Platoon, Women’s Auxiliary of the Polish 2nd Corps.

Helena BOZEDAJ-DEMBINSKA - Helena participated in the Home Army (AK) in Warsaw, was arrested and sent to Germany for forced labour. After the war, she lived some years in the UK before emigrating to Canada.

Kazimiera BRACHOCKA - Kazimiera was deported to Siberia with her family. After her parents died, Kazimiera joined the Polish Orphanage in Persia, then travelled to the Polish settlement at Santa Rosa Mexico, where she remained until the camp closed. She settled in the U.S.

Jan BRODA - Conscripted into the German Army, Jan managed to escape and join the 1st Polish Armoured Division where he served for the rest of the war. After the war he spent a few years in the UK before settling in the US.

Joanna BRODNIEWICZ - Deported to Siberia with her parents and sister, her father joined the Polish 2nd Corps on release from the labour camp. Joanna spent the war years at the Polish Orphanage in Isfahan, then in Beirut. She spenttime in England before emigrating to the U.S.

Helena BRUCKA-JANIK - She was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, she evacuated to Persia with the Polish Orphanage and spent the rest of the war in the Valivade Polish settlement in India.

Jan BRZESKI - Served in the 1st Polish Armoured Division and participated in the European Campaign. He describes some of his wartime experiences. After the war, he returned to Poland.

Stanislaw BRZESKI - Stanislaw was a highly decorated pilot ace who fought in the September Campaign, in the Armee de l"Air in France, and in the Polish Air Force in the UK. After the war, he settled in the UK.

Leonard BRZEZINSKI - Served in the Polish 2nd Corps, Signals Unit, and participated in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he came to Canada on a 2 year work contract

Michal BRZEZOWSKI - Served in the Polish Air Force, in the September Campaign, in France, and in the UK. He was shot down over the Thames Estuary and his body was never found.

Krzysztof BRZUZA - Deported to Siberia in 1945 with his family. Repatriated to Poland in 1948. He emigrated to Buffalo NY and won many national and international piano competitions including the Chopin in 1990.

Tadeusz BUBIEN - Deported to Kazakhstan with his family in April 1940, he describes the harrowing experiences that his family endured on several collective farms before making it back to Poland in 1945.

BUCZAK Family - Deported to Siberia, Szczepan and Kazimierz joined the Polish 2nd Corps on release, while Katarzyna and the 3 children spent the war years at the Polish refugee camp in Mombassa, Africa. The family lived in the Marsworth Camp in the UK after the war.

Jan BULA - Jan fought in the September Campaign, then evacuated to Roumania. He made his way to France to continue the fight, then evacuated to the UK. He joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division and fought in the European Campaign. After the war, he settled in Breda.

Stefan BURACZEWSKI - Forcibly drafted into the Russian army, Stefan was then sent to a labour camp in Siberia. On release,he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and evacuated to Persia. He then joined the 1st Polish Independent Parachute Brigade in Scotland. He participated in 21 jumps, including Operation Market Garden over Arnhem, Holland.

Zbigniew BURAS - Zbigniew was 6 months old when he was deported to Kazakhstan with his family in April 1940. On release, the family spent some time in the Valivade Polish settlement in India, then relocated to Koja, Uganda. After the war, they settled in the UK.

Pior BURCZYNSKI - Piotr fought in the September Campaign in Poland, and was then captured by the Russians and sent to a POW camp in Siberia. On Release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. He emigrated to Canada after the war.

Teresa BUREK-OSZURKO - Deported to Siberia with her parents, grandparents and siblings, her father joined the Polish 2nd Corps when they were released. The rest of the family spent the war years iat the Valivade Polish settlement in India, then settled in the USA after the war

Jan BUSZTA - Jan fought in the September Campaign in Poland, and later joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division and fought in the European Campaign. After the war, he settled in the Netherlands.

Waclaw BUTOWSKI - Forced labour for the Germans. then conscripted into the German army. He eventually escaped and joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division. After the was, he returned to Poland.

Ludomir CABUT - Deported to Siberia with his entire family, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps when they were released. He later transferred to the Signals Unit of the 1st Polish Armoured Division (1PAD) and participated in the European Campaign. He settled in the UK

Antoni CAPUTA - Antoni fought in the September 1939 Campaign in Poland. He tried to evacuate to Romania but was captured and turned over to the Germans. He survived three Concentration Camps. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Teresa CHELCHOWSKA - Deported to Siberia with her family. Released by the 'amnesty', her father and brother joined the Polish army, while she and her siblings spent the war years in the Masindi Polish settlement in Africa. After the war, she spent some time in the UK, then emigrated to Canada.

Boleslaw CHELCHOWSKI - Boleslaw was deported to a forced labour camp in Siberia. On release, he joined the Cadets of the Polish 2nd Corps and later fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Andrzej CHENDYNSKI - Deported with his parents and 2 brothers, he was the only one who survived. He was in an orphanage in the USSR and in the Valivade Polish settlement in India.

Tadeusz CHICHLOWSKI - Tadeusz fought in the September Campaign in Poland and was then captured by the Russians and sent to a POW camp in Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Children’s Home in Mala Minusa Siberia - This is a detailed description of this Polish children's home in in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Siberia, The staff and children were all Polish - patriotism, national and family traditions were taught here.

Kazimierz CHMIELOWICZ - Participated in the September Campaign, then was in a Russian POW camp. On release, joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Bozena CHODAKOWSKI - Deported to a slave labour camp with her family, her parents and brother died in the USSR. She and a remaining brother were evacuated to Persia and subsequently to the Polish Balachadi settlement in India. Bozena later settled in the USA.

Aleksander CHODASIEWICZ - Deported to a slave labour camp in Siberia. He joined the Polish 2nd Corps on release, and served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. He settled in the UK after the war.

Zofia CHOJA-MATIAS -Zofia and her family were taken to Germany as forced labourers. After the war, she spent 5 years in a refugee camp in Germany before emigrating to Canada.

Zygmunt CHOJECKI - Deported to a slave labour camp with his family, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps on release, trained with them in the Middle East, and participated in the Italian Campaign, including the battle of Monte Cassino. He settled in England after the war, where he met his wife who had played a major role at Bletchley Park.

Cecilia CHOJNO - Deported to Archangelsk, Siberia with her family, she spent some time in Palestine, before spending 6 years at the Polish settlement in Koja, Uganda. After the war, she spent some time in England, before emigrating to Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.

Maria CHOJNOWSKA - Deported to Siberia with her family. On release, sheJoined the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish 2nd Corps, and served in the 316 Transport Company in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. After the war, she settled inCanada.

Mieczyslaw CHOMICKI - Deported to Siberia with his parents, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps on release, then transferred to the 1st Polish Armoured Division. He settled in Breda after the war.

Antonina CHORZEPA - Deported to a slave labour camp in the USSR with her family, two of her brothers were later conscripted into the Russian army. Antonina returned to Poland in 1946.

CHROCIELEWSKI - Description of the Caspian Sea Crossing by the Polish army to Persia in 1942

Zofia CHRISCICKA - Zofia was deported to Siberia with her husband and two sons - the younger son died there. On release, her husband joined the Polish army while she and her remaining son spent the war years at the Rusape Polish settlement in Rhodesia. After the war, the family settled in Canada.

Antoni CHUSCIEL - Brigadier General Chrusciel served in WW1, the Russian Polish War of 1920, WW2, and the Warsaw Uprising. After the war, he lived in England, then emigrated to Washington DC.

Feliks CHUSTECKI - Deported to a slave labour camp at age 14 with his family, he later became a pilot in the Polish Air Force in the UK, and settled in Britain after the war.

Czeslaw CHWIECKO - Czeslaw was 8 years old when his family was sent to forced labour in Germany. He describes what life was like at the Wagner company in Western Germany. After the war, his family settled in Canada.

Franciszek CHWILOWICZ - Franciszek was a sergeant in the Polish Air Force in the UK, and settled in Canada after the war.

Wanda CHYCZEWSKA- Deported with her family to a slave labour camp in Siberia, she then spent the war years in a Polish refugee camp in Tanzania. After the war, she lived in England, before emigrating to Canada.

Lukasz CIEPLINSKI - Participated in the September Campaign, was captured & imprisoned by the Russians, escaped to Hungary then returned to Poland to serve in the Home Army. In 1950 he was imprisoned & tortured, then executed by the Communist government in Poland.

Mieczyslaw CISZALOWICZ - He describes pre-war life on the settlement in Eastern Poland before he was deported to Siberia with his parents and siblings. He also describes life in Siberia, life in the Masindi Polish settlement in East Africa, and then his life after the war.

Karol COMPLAK - Member of the 1st Polish Armoured Division who participated in the European Campaign and was part of the occupation force in Germany after the war.

Michal CWYNAR - Michal served in the Polish Air Force during the September Campaign. When Poland fell, he made his way to France and served in the Air Force there, before evacuating to Great Britain where he continued the fight with the Polish Air Force in the UK.

Stanislaw CZACZKA - Deported to Siberia, he joined then Polish 2nd Corps, trained in the Middle East, and participated in the Italian Campaign. He settled in the UK after the war

Karol CZAPKA - Served in the 1st Polish Armoured Division in the European Campaign. After the war, he settled in Breda.

Kamil CZARNECKI - A career soldier in pre-war Poland, he evacuated to Romania then joined the Polish army in France. He later served in the 1st Polish Armoured Division in the European Campaign. After the war, he settled in England.

Emil CZECH - Emil served in the Polish 2nd Corps during WW2. After the battle of Monte Cassino, it was Emil who went to the top of the monastery and played the bugle. After the war, Emil returned to Poland.

Roman CZERNIAWSKI - Initially spying for Poland, then Britain and then pretending to spy for Germany while instead working for the Allies, during his extraordinary undercover life Roman Czerniawski had not only been a secret agent, he had also been a double and triple agent.

Wladyslaw CZEZOWSKI - At the onset of WW2, Wladyslaw was forcibly conscripted into the Russian Army and served there for nearly two years before being released by the 'amnesty'. He joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Bernard CZORTEK - Bernard was deported by the Russians. Released by the 'amnesty', he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought at Tobruk and in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Boleslaw CZUBAK - He fought in the Septmber Campaign, was captured by the Russians and sent to Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, taught in a Cadet School in Palestine and was later sent to the Italian front. After the wsr, he settled in Canada.

Anna CZUBRYT - Anna was deported to Siberia with her husband Michal, and their infant son Jozef. Michal joined the Polish army, while Anna and Jozef spent 6 years at the Polish settlement in Valivade, India. After the war, the family settled in Canada.

Michal CZUBRYT - Michal was deported to Siberia with his wife Anna, and their infant son Jozef. Michal joined the Polish army, while Anna and Jozef spent 6 years at the Polish settlement in Valivade, India. Michal served in the3DSK of the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, the family settled in Canada.

Jan CZWARNO - Jan fought in the September Campaign, evacuated to Rumania and made his way to France. He was part of the Dunkirk evacuation to the UK. He joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division, trained in Scotland, then fought in the European Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Jerzy CZYCZKO - Jerzy fought in the September Campaign, then was captured by the Russians and sent to a POW camp in Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, trained in the Middle East, and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Waldemar CZYZ - Waldemar was a member of the 1st Polish Armoured Division and and participated in the Northern European Campaign. He settled in the US after the war

Wladyslaw Antoni DĄBROWSKI - At the age of 16 years, Wladyslaw was deported to Kazakhstan with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, trained in the Middle East, and fought in the Italian Campaign. He returned to Poland after the war.

Wladyslaw Marian DĄBROWSKI - Wladyslaw was a Police Officer before the war, and was arrested by the Russians and sent to Siberia. His wife and two sons were later also deported to a different place in Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, trained in the Middle East, and fought in the Italian Campaign. His older son also joined the 2nd Corps and they eventually found each other in Iraq. They both returned to Poland after the war, where the mother and younger son had been repatriated.

Dominik DANICKI - Dominik was part of the 1st Polish Armoured Division and fought in the European Campaign. He was one of the first liberators of Breda, where he spent the rest of his life.

Andrzej DEBICKI - A very detailed account of his experiences: as a participant in the September Campaign in Poland, he was a POW at various Russian camps. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, and participated in the Italian Campaign. He was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS.

Franciszka DOBROWLANSKA - Born in 1906, she writes a detailed account of her life from early childhood. After their husbands were arrested by the Russians, she and her sister were deported to Siberia with their children. On release, they spent the war years in the Koja Polish refugee camp in Uganda, Africa. She settled in the UK and later emigrated to Canada.

Bronislaw DOMBEK - Bronislaw served in the 1st Polish Armoured Division and fought in the European Campaign. After the war, he settled in the Netherlands.

Ludwik DOMON - Lt. Colonel Ludwik Domon served in the Polish Army in Poland. He was captured by the Russians after the September Campaign and sent to a POW camp. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign, where he was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS. After the war, he emigrated to Argentina then returned to Poland in the 1950s.

Wawrzyniec DRAPALA - Born in 1900, Wawrzyniec fought in WW1 and the 1920 Polish-Soviet war. In 1940, he was deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, trained in the Middle East, then fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war he emigrated to Canada.

Mieczyslaw DRELICH - Mieczyslaw fought in the September Campaign, then evacuated to Romania and made his way to the Middle East to join the 3rd Carpathian Rifle Brigade. with whom he fought at Tobruk. He also fought in the Italian Campaign with the Polish 2nd Corps. Among the medals he received was the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS. After the war, he settled in Australia.

Stanislaw DREWEK - Duriing the war, he was forced into the German army, then he escaped and joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division. After the war, he returned to Poland.

Franciszka DREWNIAK - During the war, she and her family remained in the Tarnopol region while the front came through several times. She and her family were Repatriated from the Kresy borderlands in late 1945. They emigrated to Canada in the 1970s.

Jan DREWNIAK - Born in 1919 in the Postolowka settlement of Tarnopol province, he was forcibly conscripted into the Russian Army in 1940. Released on 'amnesty', he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, evacuated to the Middle East, and later fought in the Italian Campaign. He met and married Lucia Materiale and lived in Italy after the war, before emigrating to Canada in 1948.

Wiska DREWNIAK - This is an incredibly detailed and heart-breaking diary by a 17-year-old deported to Siberia with her mother and sister. It includes details of their life in the labour camp, their perilous journey south, their evacuation to Persia with the Polish army, and life in the camps in Teheran.

Waclaw DROZDOWSKI - Waclaw fought in the European Campaign of the 1st Polish Armoured Division. After the war, he settled in Breda.

Edward DRZYSTEK - Deported to Siberia as an infant with his mother and grandmother, he then spent 6 years at the Polish settlement in Masindi, Uganda, East Africa. After the war, the family settled in Canada.

Franciszek DUBANSKI - Deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, trained in the Middle East, and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, the family settled in Canada.

General Bronislaw DUCH - Participant in the September Campaign in Poland, he evacuated to France and then England. He was in charge of the 1st Polish Armoured Division in Scotland until 1943, and then took charge of the 3rd Carpathian Rifle Brigade during the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in England.

Kazimierz DUDA - Fought in the September Campaign, then evacuated to Holland. Later made his way to the Polish Army in France. Evacuated to the UK and joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division and fought in the European Campaign.

Wladyslaw DUDZIK - Fought in the September Campaign, then evacuated to Romania. He made his way to Syria where he joined the Independent Carpathian Rifle Brigade and fought in the Battle of Tobruk. In Dec 1944, he sailed to Italy with the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign.

Kazimierz DWORAK - Brigadier General Dworak was a highly decorated officer who served in WW!, the Polish-Bolshevic War, the September Campaign, and in WW2, He was awarded both the Siver and the Gold VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS, as well as a number of French, Belgian, and British medals.

Maria-Anna DZIAD - The family were deported to Siberia then spent 6 years at the Polish settlement in Tengeru, East Africa. After the war, the family settled in Canada.

DZIADURA Family - Karol and Katarzyna Dziadura were deported to Siberia with their children. On release, Karol died and his sons joined the Polish 2nd Corps while his wife and daughters were sent to a Polish refugee camp in India. The family settled in the UK after the war.

Helena DZIEDZIC - Helena was deported to Kazakhstan with her family. On release, she joined the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish 2nd Corps, and later transferred to the Polish Air Force in the UK. She settled in the UK with her husband Jan after the war.

Jan DZIEDZIC - Jan was a pilot in the Polish Air Force in Poland and then in the UK. Among other medals, he was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS. After the war he settled in the UK with his wife Helena.

Jan DZIUBA - Deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, trained in the Middle East, and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Irena EHRLICH - Deported to Siberia with her parents and siblings. On release, she joined the Polish 2nd Corps, her brother joined the Cadets, and the rest of the family spent 5 years in a Polish settlement in East Africa. She emigrated to Canada after the war, first to Saskatchewan, and then to Winnipeg, Manitoba.

Seweryn EHRLICH - Sewewryn was a doctor in Poland. When WW2 broke out, he was arested by the Russians and sent to Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Rudolf FALKOWSKI - Conscripted into the Russian Army - Sent to Siberia - Joined the Polish Air Force in the UK. Excerpts of the diary he wrote at the time give a unique glimpse into what was really happening in Poland - in Siberia - in the UK.

Bronislaw FEDOROWICZ - Deported to Siberia with his family, Bronislaw spent 6 years at the Tengeru Polish settlement in Arusha, Tanzania. After the war, the family reunited in England, before emigrating to Canada in 1952.

Jan FEDOROWICZ - Deported to Siberia with his parents and siblings. On release, his father and older brother joined the Polish 2nd Corps, while the rest of the family spent 5 years in the Tengeru Polish settlement in Arusha, Tanzania.

Zygmunt FEDOROWICZ - Deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he and his father joined the Polish 2nd Corps, while the rest of the family spent 5 years in the Tengeru Polish settlement in Arusha, Tanzania. After the war, Zygmunt settled in Canada.

Bronislaw FEDZIN - Deported to Siberia with his family. On release, some members of the family joined the Polish 2nd Corps, others were forced to join Berling's Army, and still others remained in the USSR until after the war.

Otto FEICHT - Otto served in the 1st Polish Armoured Division and fought in the European Campaign. After the war, he settled in Britain.

Witold FERENC - Deported to Siberia with his family. Several family members died there. On release, Witold joined the Polish 2nd Corps, his brother joined the Polish 1st Armoured Division, and his mother and sister spent the war years in Africa. After the war, Witold settled in Canada.

Miroslaw FERIC - Highly decorated pilot of the Polish Air Force in Poland, then in France, hen in the 303 Squadron in the UK. He was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS, the Distinguished Flying Cross, and several Crosses of Valour with bars. He was killed in a training flight over Northolt on 14 Feb 1942.

Roman FIGIEL - Served in the 1st Polish Armoured Division in the European Campaign. Settled in Breda after the war, where he married a Dutch girl he had met earlier.

Edwarda FIJAL- Deported to Siberia with her family. On release, she joined the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish 2nd Corps and worked as s a nurse at a hospital in Rehevot, Palestine.

Alfons and Wanda FILIPAK - Alfons served in the Polish Air Force in Poland, evacuated to France, transferred to the UK and served in the Polish 301 Squadron. Wanda had been deported to Siberia with her family. On release, she joined the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish Air Force. They settled in the U.S.

Franciszek FILIPEK - Served in the Polish Army in the September Campaign. Captured by the Russians, he was sent to Siberia. On release he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fouight in the Italian Campaign. After the war he emigrated to Argentina, and later to Canada.

Waclaw FILIPEK - Served in the Polish 2nd Corps in the Middle East, then transferred to the Polish Air Force in the UK. After the war, he spent some years in the UK before emigrating to Canada.

Ludwik FINKELSTEIN - Deported to Siberia with his family, he eventually settled in the UK where he became Dean of the School of Engineering and later serving as its pro-vice-chancellor. He joined the Civil Defence Corps in 1952 and rose to become the chief regional adviser for Greater London. He was awarded the Civil Defence Medal, the Queen’s Silver Jubilee Medal and, in 1990, was appointed OBE for his contributions.

Krzysztof FLIZAK - After his father was sent to a POW camp in Siberia, Krzysztof was deported to a different labour camp in Siberia with his family. Although he was only 10 years old, he journeyed south to find his father who had joined the Polish army being formed in the southern USSR. He joined the Polish 2nd Corps Cadet School and was the youngest cadet. After the war, he settled in the U.S.A.

Bronislawa FRANCUZ - Intellectually and physically disabled, she was deported with her family to Siberia, then evacuating with the Polish Army to Persia (Iran) and spent 6 years at the Polish settlement at Valivade in India before settling in the UK. She ended up being left alone in the UK when her family moved to the US, and she ended up in a mental institution for some years, before being moved to a Care Home.

Czeslaw FRANCZYK - The family were deported to Siberia in 1940. On release, Czeslaw's father Wojciech, and brothers, Karol and Zdzislaw, joined the Polish 2nd Corps, while Czeslaw, his mother Rozalia, and his sister Genowefa, spent 7.5 years in the Massindi Polish settlement in Uganda. After the war, the family settled in Canada.

Karol FRANCZYK - The family were deported to Siberia in 1940. On release, Karol joined the 3rd Carpathian Rifle Brigade of the Polish 2nd Corps. He was a Corporal in the 5th Battalion, and served in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Zdzislaw FRANCZYK - The family were deported to Siberia in 1940. On release, Zdzislaw joined the Polish 2nd Corps - 4th Armoured Regiment "Skorpion" - and served in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Zygmunt FRANKEL - Jewish child deported to the steppes of Kazakhstan with his mother

Jozef FRANTISEK - Jozef was a Czech national who joined the Polish Air Force in the UK and became one of their leading aces. He died in a flying accident and is buried at Northolt in the UK.

Jerzy FRIEDRICH - Deported to Siberia, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps when 'amnesty' was declared. He participated in the ItalianCampaign. After the war, he emigrated to Argentina, and later settled in Seatle, Washington, USA..

Wolf FRYDLAND - Deported to Siberia, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps when 'amnesty' was declared. He later transferred to the 1st Polish Armoured Division and participated in the European Campaign. After the war, he settled in the UK.

Lech FULMYK - Deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps but was discharged on medical grounds a month later. He was sent to the Polish settlement in Mombassa, Tanzania, East Africa, where he completed his education. After the war, he spent some years in England before emigrating to Canada.

GABRYSZEWSKI Franciszek - (aka Francis Gabreski) was born in the USA of Polish parents. He was a member of the US Air Force when the war raged in Europe, and asked to be assigned to the Polish 315 Squadron. He was later reassigned to a US Squadron in the UK. He was a highly decorated pilot who retired as a Colonel.

GABSZEWICZ Aleksander - Aleksander was a highly decorated Polish Air Force ace. He participated in the September Campaign, then evacuated and made his way to France where he served in L'Armee de l'Air. He then served in several squadrons in the Polish Air Force in the UK. He settled in the UK after the war.

GAC Family - Deported to Siberia, father and son joined the Polish 2nd Corps when 'amnesty' was declared. The rest of the family spent some time in Persia, then moved to the Polish settlements of Country Club and Valivade in India. After the war, the family reunited in England, and eventually emigrated to Canada.

Michal GALAZKA- Deported to Siberia with his mother and brother. When 'amnesty' was declared the family evacuated to Persia, then were sent to a Polish settlement in East Africa, where Michal completed his education. After the war, the family emigrated to Ottawa, Canada.

Zofia GALINA - Deported to Kazakhstan with her parents and sisters. Her father was conscripted to the Russian Army, while her mother and sisters spent years on a collective farm. The mother and an aunt died there, and the girls were later repatriated to Poland.

Franciszek GARBIZ - Deported to Siberia, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps on release, and served in the 2nd Warsaw Armoured Division, 1st Regiment of Ulans of Krychowiec. He fought in the Italian Campaign and emigrated to Canada after the war.

Tadeusz GARDZIEJEWSKI - Tadeusz was conscripted into the Russian army. Here, he describes his service in great detail. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Andrzej GARLICKI - After his father was arrested by the Russians, he and his mother and brother were deported. His father was later executed by the Russians at Katyn. On release, Andrzej joined the Polish 2nd Corps and participated in the Italian Campaign. After 5 years in the UK, Andrzej emigrated to Canada.

Jan GARLICKI - After his father was arrested by the Russians, he and his mother and brother were deported. His father was later executed by the Russians at Katyn. On release, Jan joined the Polish 2nd Corps and participated in the Italian Campaign. After spending a few years in the UK, Jan emigrated to Argentina and later to Canada.

Michal GARUS - Deported to Siberia by the Russians. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, served in the Middle East and the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Karol GASKA - His mother was deported to Siberia, and Karol was born in the USSR as she made her way to find the Polish army. Evacuated to Persia, they were then sent to the Santa Rosa Polish settlement in Mexico. After the war, they settled in Canada.

Czeslaw GASZYNSKI - Deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, served in the Middle East and the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Wanda GAWEL-SZUWALSKA - Deported to Archangelsk with her family. On release, she joined the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish 2nd Corps and trained in the Middle East, before joining the Polish Air Force in the UK, where she served as a General Duties Clerk until the end of the war.

Marian GAWIAK - This is Marian's testimony before the U.S. Congregational Committee investigating the KATYN massacre. He was arrested by the Russians and spent time in the camps where Polish soldiers were executed. He provides vivid testimony of what all the prisoners went through. He and other survivors were convinced that the hundreds of soldiers who were disappearing from the camps were being executed, and they endeavoured to keep a list of as many names as possible. They later provided the list to General Anders.

Edviga Danuta GAWRYSZEWSKA - Deported to Archangelsk with her husband and two young children, her husband died on the journey south. Dana and her children lived in Iraq for some years, then in the UK, and finally in Italy.

Feliks GAZDA - Polish pilot who evacuated Poland in September 1939 and made his way to France and then England. He flew missions in Africa as well as in Europe. After the war, he emigrated to Argentina, and then moved to Montreal.

Julia GERECH - Deported to Archangelsk with her entire family. On release, they were evacuated to Persia and later sent to the Polish settlement in Tengeru. After the war, Julia settled in England.

Wanda GERTZ - Participated in the Home Army during WW2, captured by the Germans and sent to a series of POW camps. She settled in England after the war.

Stan GETMAN - Deported to Siberia, he eventually made his way to France then to England, where he became a highly-decorated pilot of the Polish Air Force in the UK. After the war, he settled in England.

Rudolf GIBAS - Officer Cadet captured by the Germans and spent time in POW camps,escaped and reached the UK where he joined the 1st Independent Parachute Brigade, and later joined the Polish Air Force in the UK. Eventually settled in the U.S.

Michal GLINSKI - Michal was taken as a forced labourer by the Germans to repair bombed-out railway lines in France. He then escaped and joined the Polish 2nd Corps, trained as a Commando, and fought in the Italian Campaign. He settled in the UK after the war.

Witold GLINSKI - Deported with his family, he was separated from them and ended up in a labour camp near the Chinese border. He escaped, along with 6 other prisoners, and they made the incredible trek to India. Only 4 of them survived the journey. Witold joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division in England. He settled in the UK after the war.

Jerzy GLOWCZEWSKI - Escaping Warsaw after the Germans attacked, he made his way to the Middle East and joined the Polish 2nd Corps. He later transferred to the Polish Air Force in the UK an served in the 308 Polish Squadron. He settled in Poland after the war, and also lived in the U.S. and Egypt.

Teodor GNIDEC - Arrested by the Soviets and sent to several prisons and a camp in Arkhangelsk. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, trained in the Middle East, and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war he came ot Canada on a two-year work contract and eventually settled in London, Ontario.

Leokadia GNITECKA - Leokadia was taken to slave labour in Germany. On release, she spent some time in a Displaced Persons camp. After the war, Canada was looking for nurses, so she chose to emigrate to Canada. She married Andrzej Nowakowski in Winnipeg, and they raised their children in the area.

Bronislaw GODLEWSKI - As a Polish-American, he volunteered for the Polish Air Force in the UK and was grievously injured during a bombing raid over France, where he continued to direct the pilot in spite if his injuries. He lost both arms at the elbows as a result, and was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS for his extreme bravery. He returned to the U.S. after the war

Irena GOLENIENWSKA - Deported with her family. On release, she was sent to the Valivade Polish settlement in India. After the war, she emigrated to the USA.

Janusz GOLUCHOWSKI - Participant of the Warsaw Uprising at age 16, he was captured and taken to Germany for forced labour. Liberated by the Americans, he then joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division. He returned to Poland in 1947.

Zbigniew GONDEK - After his father\s arrest by the Russians, he was deported with his mother. After release, he joined the 3DSK of the Polish 2nd Corps and he participated in the Italian Campaign. He was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS. His father was executed at Katyn.

Karol GONTAREWICZ - After release from Siberia, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in Tobruk and in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Franciszek GORA - Served as an ambulance driver in the European Campaign of the 1st Polish Armoured Division. After the war, he returned to Poland.

GORAL and RADOMSKI Families - The families were deported from the Eastern Borderlands in Feb. 1940. On release, they made their way to join the Polish 2nd Corps, evacuating to the Middle East, and eventually settling in the UK. Their story is told in the books: "Midnight Train to Siberia" and "Escaping Siberia".

Irena GORNY - Irena was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, she was sent to a Polish settlement in Africa where she worked as a nurse. After spending some years in the UK, she emigrated to Canada.

Piotr & Wladyslawa GRABOWSKI- Piotr fought in the September Campaign, was captured by the Germans and spent the rest of the war in a German Prisoner of War Camp. Wladyslawa was arrested by the Germans and sent to a Slave Labour Camp in Germany. A portion of their histories is presented here as excerpts from their daughter's book titled "The Soul's Journey".

Jerzy GRADOSIELSKI - He participated in the September Campaign, then was deprted to Siberia by the Russians. After release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and he participated in the Italian Campaign. He was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS and 2 Crosses of Valour.

Jan GRAJKOWSKI - A highly decorated Colonel who participated in the September Campaign, as well as the European Campaign of the 1st Polish Armoured Division. After the war, he settled in the UK.

Mieczyslaw GRECZYLO - His father was executed at Katyn, and he was deported to Siberia with his mother. They ended up spending years in the Massindi Polish settlement in Uganda. In 2006 he helped raise money to renovate the church and cemetery there.

Helena GROSSOWNA - Helena was a very popular star in Poland prior to WW2. After the war broke out, Helena became very involved in the Home Army, including participating in the Warsaw Uprising. She was a Prisoner of War at the Oberlangen camp in Germany. She returned to Poland after the war.

Wladyslaw GROTEK - During WW2, Wladyslaw was taken to forced labour in Germany. In 1944, he escaped and made his way to the Polish 2nd Corps in Italy. After the war, he spent some years in the UK before emigrating to Canada.

Jan Zbigniew GRUSZKA - After release from the labour camp in the USSR, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, trained in the Middle East and participated in the Italian Campaign. He describes life in the camp, as well as the events of the Italian Campaign.

Jozef GRZEGORCZYN - Jozef served in the 1st Polish Armoured Division throughout the European Campaign, then spent two years in Germany with the occupying forces. He eventually settled in Canada.

Jozefa GRZESKOWIAK-KIERKIEWICZ - She describe the journey south in the USSR after they were released by the 'amnesty', and then the journey to reach the Polish Abercorn settlement in East Africa. Jozefa also provides details about the settlement and what it was like to live there for 4 years before returning to Poland.

Father Rafal GRZONDZIEL - A legendary Franciscan priest, who was a pastor, a lecturer in political science, a scoutmaster, and especially an outstanding social activist for the Canadian Polish community. It is to him that the “discovery of the Ontarian Kaszubians” is attributed. During WW2 Father Grzondziel had served in the Carpathian Rifle Brigade of the Polish 2nd Corps. He was awarded many medals for his participation in the Italian Campaign, including the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS. After the war he spent some time in the UK, then the US, and eventually settled in Kaszuby, Ontario, Canada.

Aniela GRZYBOWSKA-KLOSINSKA - Aniela was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, her father joined the Polish army, while her mother and siblings remained behind. Aniela's siblings evacuated to Persia with an orphanage, and her mother later died, leaving her alone at 9 years of age. She was repatriated to Poland in 1947, and learned that he father and two surviving siblings had settled in England.

Helena GRZYBOWSKA-JASKOWSKA - Helena was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, her father joined the Polish army, while her mother and siblings remained behind. Helena was evacuated to Persia with an orphanage. She spent five years at the Polish Valivade camp in India before settling in the UK after the war.

Ryszard GRZYBOWSKI - Ryszard was deported to Siberia with his family. On release, his father joined the Polish army, while he, his mother and siblings remained behind. Ryszard eventually made it to Persia and then to the Polish settlement at Valivade in India. After the war, he settled in England.

Wladyslaw GUBERNACZUK - Wladyslaw participated in the September Campaign before being deported to Siberia by the Russians. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, serving in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. He settled in Canada after the war.

Konstanty GULAKOW - Deported to Siberia by the Russians. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, serving in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. He later settled in Canada.

Michal GUTOWSKI - Career officer and famous equestrian who fought in the 1939 September Campaign, then made his way to the UK to join the 1st Polish Armoured Division. He fought in the European Campaign, was highly decorated, and eventually promoted to Brigadier General.

Edward HAJDUKIEWICZ - A member of the Polish Air Force that evacuated Poland in September 1939 and made his way to France and England. He flew missions as part of several squadrons, including the 300 Bomber Squadron. After the war he settled in Montreal.

Lech HALKO - Excerpt from his book "The Anchor The Chosen Coat of Arms" describing life at Stalag XI-B Fallingbostel where Warsaw Uprising participants were taken.

Jan HAŁUCHA - Jan fought in the September Campaign in Poland, was captured by the Russians and sent to a slave camp in Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and later transferred to the Polish 1st Armoured Division. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Franciszek HANIEWICZ - Franciszek was deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. He settled in the UK.

Franciszka HARHALA - Franciszka was deported to Siberia as a child, with her family. Here she describes life in pre-war Poland in great detail, as well as the life they lived in Siberia for 5 years. She returned to Poland in 1946.

Zbigniew HELON - Deported to Siberia with his parents, he and his mother spent 5 years in a Polish refugee camp in Africa while his father fought with the Polish 2nd Corps. He returned to Poland in 1947, and later emigrated to Australia.

Gustaw HERLING - An excerpt from his memoir where he describes his hunger-strike at the Yercevo prison camp in Siberia.

HERZOG Family Chronicles (1866-2000) - Covering the following topics: Deportation, the Polish settlements in India. the Polish 2nd Corps, and Katyn.

Leon HOFMAN - Leon served in the Polish Army during the September Campaign. He was captured by the Germans and sent to a POW camp in Germany. After the war, he spent some years in Argentina before settling in Canada.

Edward HOLUB - Edward was deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. In 1946, he was transferred to the UK where he joined the Polish Resettlement Corps.

Eugeniusz HORBACZEWSKI - Eugeniusz Horbaczewski was a Polish fighter pilot, a flying ace of World War II, also known as "Dziubek" (literally the diminutive of 'beak' in Polish). According to official lists, Horbaczewski was the third highest scoring Polish fighter ace, with 16.5 confirmed kills (16 individual and one shared) plus one probable kill. He was killed in action in 1944.

Zbigniew HOSZOWSKI - Deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps. In 1943 he transferred to the Polish Air Force in the UK. He eventually emigrated to Canada.

Lt-Col HUGHES - She was the Principle Matron at the Teheran Hospital where Polish refugees arriving in Persia in 1942 were treated. This is an excerpt from her diary where she goes into great detail on how the hospital was set up and the challenges they faced in treating the Poles.

Irena HUNKA- Deported to Siberia. On release, she evacuated to Persia with the Polish army, then spent 8 years in a Polish settlement in Uganda. She eventually emigrated to Canada.

Jozef ISANSKI - Jozef fought in the September Campaign, then became a Russian POW. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. He emigrated to Canada after he war.

Jerzy IWANOW-SZAJNOWICZ - Jerzy was a Polish intelligence operative in the General Staff Section II until he was stolen by the British SIS. They really wanted that daredevil of superb physique, sharp mind, and command of six languages. In the space of ten months, he did the German occupying forces plenty of irreparable damage. Eventually captured, Jerzy was executed by a firing squad.

Waclaw IVANUK - Wacław Ivanuk was a poet, literary critic, translator and ... an anti-aircraft artillery officer in the 1st Anti-Aircraft Artillery Regiment of the 1st Polish Armored Division of General Stanislaw Maczek. He was an outstanding but underappreciated figure in Polish literary life and the cultural heritage of Poles in the 20th century.

Danuta IZBICKA - Danuta was deported with her family. On release, her father joined the Polish 2nd Corps, while she, her mother, brother, and three sisters spent the war years in a Polish settlement in Uganda. After the war, the family settled in Canada.

Konstanty JACKIEWICZ - Served in the Border Patrol during the September Campaign. He was captured by the Russians and imprisoned for over 2 years. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Roman JAGIELLOWICZ - Roman was 16 years old when he was deported with his family, he then joined the Polish 2nd Corps, and participated in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Janina JAGODZINSKA - Janina (nee Makowska) was deported to Siberia with her family. Her step-mother and younger brother died there. On release, the siblings were separated: Boleslaw joined the Polish 2nd Corps, Maria joined the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish Air Force in the UK, and Janina ended up in the Santa Rosa Polish settlement in Mexico. She then lived in Chicago. before emigrating to Canada. In the 1960s she returned to Chicago.

Franciszek JAKIELASZEK - Deported with his family, he then joined the Polish 2nd Corps, 6th Armoured Regiment, and participated in the Italian Campaign.

JAKUBAS Family - Stanislaw Sr. fought in the September Campaign, in Tobruk, and in the Italian Campaign. He married in Italy and they eventually ended up in the Marworth Polish Hostel in the UK. Their son Stanislaw Jr. describes life there and their eventual return to Poland.

Anna JAKUBOWSKA - As a member of the Home Army (AK), Anna participated in the Warsaw Uprising. She was subsequently captured by the Germans and spent time in three camps, the last one being Oberlangen that was liberated by the 1st Armoured Division. She married a soldier from that division, and they returned to Poland in 1947.

Edward JAKUBOWSKI - Forcibly conscripted into the Russian Army, Edward was eventually sent to a forced labour camp in Siberia. Released on 'amnesty' he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle east and in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Edward JANCZYK - He fought in the September Campaign and became a Russian Prisoner of War. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. He then settled in Canada.

Jozef JANKOWSKI - He fought in the September Campaign and was captured by the Russians. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. He settled in Canada.

Wojciech JANUSZEWICZ - Wojciech was a pilot who fought the Germans in the September Campaign. He evacuated to Romania and made his way to join the French Air Force, and then the Polish Air Force in the UK - 303 Squadron. He was killed in action in August 1940.

Romuald JANUSZKIEWICZ - Educated in Poland before the war, he fought in the September Campaign and was captured by the Russians. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. He ended his military service as Lieutenant Colonel. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Nadzieja JAREMA-DUBANSKA - She and her family were deported to Siberia by the Russians. On release, she joined the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish 2nd Corps and served as a battlefield nurse in the Italian Campaign. After the war, she settled in Canada.

Emilia JARMASZ - Deported to Siberia where she remained for 6 years before being repatriated to Poland in 1946. She later emigrated to Canada.

Alfred JARMOLINSKI - Alfred fought in the September Campaign, then became a Russian POW. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. He later emigrated to Canada.

Eustachy JAROSZENKO - Eustachy was deported to Siberia with his mother and sister. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and later transferred to the 1st Polish Armoured Division. After the war, he returned to Poland.

JAROSZEWICZ family - The parents were deported with 7 children.. On release, the father joined the Engineering Corps of the Polish 2nd Corps, and the oldest daughter joined the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish 2nd Corps. The mother, 3 daughters and one son spent the war years in the Tengeru Polish settlement in Africa. The family spent a few years in the UK after the war, then settled in the USA.

Jozef JARZABEK - Describes how ORP Garland was attacked and damaged by German bombers during Arctic Convoy PQ16 from Iceland to Murmansk on 25 to 28 May with a loss of 22 dead and 46 wounded seamen and officers.

Stanislawa JASIONOWICZ - Deported at age 9 with her family to the gold-mining town of Dzytygara in Northern Kazakhstan. Released on 'amnesty', the family journeyed south to find the Polish Army being formed in the USSR, Her brother Edward joined the Cadets of the Polish 2nd Corps. The rest of the family spent the war years in Lebanon, before moving to the UK. Later, Stanislawa became Sister Maria Teresa.

Frederik JASKIW - Forcibly conscripted into the Russian Army, he later became a German POW. After spending some time in the UK after the war, he eventually emigrated to Canada.

Karol JASTRZEBSKI - Participated in the September Campaign in Poland, was captured by the Russians and sent to Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, served in the Middle East, and in the Italian Campaign. After the war, Karol returned to Poland.

Walerian JAWORSKI - Walerian was deported to Siberia with his family. On release, his father joined the Polish 2nd Corps but he died on arrival in Pahlevi, Persia. Walerian joined the 2nd Corps Cadets in Persia, and later served in the Carpathian Lancers of the Polish 2nd Corps. After the war, he settled in the UK.

Alojzy JEDAMSKI - Alojzy Jedamski was a Soldier of the 2nd Reconnaissance Platoon,10th Dragon Regiment, of the 1st Polish Armored Division. His war epic took him through his experiences from the Armoured Division's trail through France, Belgium, Netherlands, Germany, where he was wounded twice. After the war, Alojzy returned to Poland.

Henryk JEDWAB - Henryk fought in the September Campaign, then evacuated through Romania to join the Polish Army in France. When France collapsed, he joined the Inter-Allied Commando unit. The unit played a major role at Monte Cassino. Henryk Jedwab was wounded in action three times. He was decorated for bravery twenty four times. Among his medals was the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS, the Monte Cassino Cross, and the Cross of Valour. After the war, Henryk emigrated to Canada.

Zygmunt JELINSKI - Zygmunt was a pilot with the Polish Air Force during the September Campaign. He made his way to the UK where he joined the Polish Air Force in the UK. This is the tragic story of how he lost his wife and infant daughter in a London bombing. After thwe war, he settled in the USA.

Witomila JEZIERSKA - Witomila is the child of Katyn victim, Lieutenant Wincenty Witold Wołk of the Heavy Artillery Battalion, who was a lecturer at the Mazovia School of Air Artillery in Zambrow. This is the testimony she presented to the Strasbourg Tribunal.

Jan JEZIORANSKI - Jan was a member of the Home Army (AK), participating in the Warsaw Uprising, and acting as a courier between Warsaw and London. He settled in the west after the war, and returned to Poland when he retired.

Mieczyslaw JODELUK - After fighting with the Polish Army in France, he was interned in Switzerland, and joined the joined the 3rd Rifle Brigade of the1st Polish Armoured Division and participated in the European Campaign. He returned to Poland after the war.

Antoni JOZWIAK - He fought in the September Campaign, was captured by the Germans, amd spent the rest of the war as a POW in a German camp. After the war, he returned to Poland, then emigrated to Canada in 1953.

Jerzy JUCHNOWICZ - Deported to Siberia with his family, his parents both died shortly after arriving in Persia. Jerzy and his siblings spent some years in the Isfahan Polish Orphanage before being sent to the Pahiatua Polish Children's Camp in New Zealand, where he settled.

Edward JURCZENKO - Deported to Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, evacuated to Persia, trained in the Middle East, and fought in the Italian Campaign. He settled in the UK after the war.

Bernard JURCZYK - Forcibly conscripted into the German army, Bernard eventually escaped and made his way to the 1st Polish Armoured Division. He fought with the Division in the European Campaign, and was killed at the battle of Kapelsche Veer in Holland, His body has never been found.

Justyn JURKIEWICZ - Justyn fought in the September Campaign, was captured and sent to a POW camp in Germany where he remained until liberation. He returned to Poland, but later emigrated to Canada.

JURKO Family - Franciszek and Walentyna were deported to Siberia. On release, Franciszek joined the Polish 2nd Corps. Walentyna and Zofia spent the war years in Palestine then settled in the UK

Kazimierz KACZANOWSKI - Kazimierz was captured by the Russians and sent to a forced labour camp in Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

KACZMARCZYK family - The family lived on the Sienkiewicz military settlement in Wolyn. The entire family were deported to Siberia. On release, the son Bronislaw joined the Polish 2nd Corps. The fate of the father is unknown. The mother returned to Poland in 1946 & the 3 daughters ended up in a Polish settlement in South Africa. Bronislaw emigrated to Canada.

Jozef KACZMAREK - Jozef was part of the Home Army in Poland during the war. Among other activities, he participated in the Warsaw Uprising, after which he was impriosoned by the Germans. On liberation, he made his way to Italy to the Polish 2nd Corps. Jozef emigrated to Canada on a two-year farm contract.

Czeslawa KADELA - Deported to Siberia with her family. On release, her father and brother joined the Polish 2nd Corps. The rest of the family remained in the USSR and returned to Poland in 1946. Czeslawa later emigrated to Canada

Mieczyslaw KALASKA - Mieczyslaw escaped Poland at the onset of WW2, made his way to the UK, and eventually joined the Polish 2nd Corps. He served in the battles of Tobruk, Monte Cassinio, and Ancona. Mieczyslaw emigrated to Canada on a two-year work contract.

Bolestano KAMINSKI - Bolestano was deported to Siberia by the Russians. After his release from Siberia, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, and served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. After the war,he settled in Canada.

Czeslaw KAMINSKI - After his release from Siberia, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, and then transferred to the 1st Polish Armoured Division. Here, he describes the Division's progress through northern Europe, and his role in the action.

Bronislawa KAPUSCINSKA - Bronislawa was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, her father joined the Polish 2nd Corps while she, her mother, and sister, were sent to a Polish settlement in East Africa. The family settled in Canada after the war.

Stefania KARAS-PODSIADŁA - Stanislawa was deported to Siberia with her family. Her parents died there. On release, Stefania and her siblings were sent to a Polish settlement in India . The family settled in England after the war.

Antoni KARKOTA - After his release from Siberia, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, trained in the Middle East, and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Augustyn KARLOWSKI - Augustyn was 16 when he joined the Polish Army in France before evacuating to Scotland where he joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division later fought in the European Campaign. Augustyn settled in Scotland after the war.

Piotr KARPLUK - Piotr fought in the Italian Campaign with the Polish 2nd Corps. He emigrated to Canada on a two-year work contract after the war, and later settled in Winnipeg.

Jozef KARPYZA - After his release from Siberia, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, trained in the Middle East, and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Stanislaw KARUBIN - He was part of the Polish Air Force during the Sept Campaign, then flew in France and later in England. He was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS and the Distinguished Flying Cross.

Genowefa KASPRZYK- Genowefa was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, her parents and two brothers died on the journey out of the USSR. She and her surviving sister spent 2 years at the Polish Orphanage in Isfahan in Persia, then were sent to Dingleford in South Africa, then to Rhodesia.

Jan KASZUBA - Jan fought in the First World War and the Polish-Soviet war, after which he became a military settler. He and his family were deported to Siberia in February 1940. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps. After the war, he spent some years in England before emigrating to Canada.

Stanislaw KASZUBA - He and his family were deported to Siberia in February 1940. Released, he made his way to Persia. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Edmund KAYSER - Edmund fought in the September Campaign, then evacuated to Romania and made his way to France and later to Scotland. He fought in the European Campaign of the 1st Polish Armoured Division. Edmund returned to Poland in 1947.

Antoni KAZIMIERSKI - Antoni was deported to the Archangelsk oblast of Siberia with his family. After the war, he settled in th UK.

Edward KEMNITZ - Edward participated in the September Campaign in Poland. He then spent several decades serving in the Home Army (AK) and was twice imprisoned for his activities. He emigrated to Canada in 1964 and was very active in a number of Polonia organizations in Montreal

Zbigniew KIEDACZ - Zbigniew was a Lieutenant-Colonel in the Polish 2nd Corps during the Italian Campaign. He was killed there by a mine explosion.

Jozefa KIERKIEWICZ - Jozefa was deported to Siberia with her family. They spent 6 years at at the Polish settlement in Abercorn in East Africa, before returning to Poland in 1947.

Mieczyslaw KIERKLO - Arested for being a member of the Home Army (AK), Mieczyslaw was deported to a labour camp in Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish army in the USSR, evacuated to the Middle East with them, then went to Scotland where he joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division and fought in the European Campaign. After the war, he lived in the UK, then emigrated to the USA.

Danuta KIEZUN - Translated excerpts of an interview where Danuta describes her role as a paramedic in the Warsaw Uprising.

Witold KIEZUN - As a member of the Home Army (AK), Witold participated in the Warsaw Uprising, and later became a renowned Economist in Poland.

Konrad KIJANKO - Konrad joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought at Tobruk and in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Manitoba, Canada.

Jozef KINIORSKI - Jozef was taken to Germany for forced labour. He escaped to France and joined the Polish army, then evacuated to England where he joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division. He fought in the European Campaign with the division. After the war, he returned to Poland.

Jozef KIRYLUK - Jozef served in the September Campaign, was captured by the Russians and sent to Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. He was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Roza KISIELEWSKA - After her father`s arrest, she was deported to Kazakhstan with her mother and brother. When they reached Persia, she volunteered for the Women`s Auxiliary of the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Italian Campaign. The family spent some years in South America before settling in Canada.

Jozef KISZKA - Jozef joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought at the battle of Tobruk and in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Saskatchewan, Canada.

Jozef KITCHER - Jozef fought in the September Campaign, evacuated to Romania and then joined the Polish 2nd Corps. Hefought at Tobruk and in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Manitoba, Canada.

Emil KLEBAN - Deported to Siberia. On release he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, volunteered to be a paratrooper and was sent to Scotland via South Africa. In Scotland, he joined the 1st Polish Independent Paratroop Brigade and participated in the battle of Arnhem. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Zofia KLEBAN - Deported to Siberia with her family. On release they were sent to a Polish settlement in Uganda, Africa where Zofia completed her education. After the war, she spent some years in England and later settled in Canada.

Krystyna KLEMENSOWICZ - Deported to Siberia with her family. On release they were sent to a Polish settlement in Tanzania, Africa where Krystyna spent most of her teenage years & completed her education. After the war, she settled in Canada.

Kazimierz KLIMASZEWSKI - Kazimierz participated in the September Campaign in Poland. He was captured by the Germans and sent to a POW camp in Germany. He escaped and made his way to the Polish army. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Jozef KLIMCZAK - Jozef fought in the September Campaign, then escaped to France to join the Polish army. He served with the 1st Polish Armoured Division through the European Campaign, where he was wounded twice. After the war, Jozef settled in the UK.

Zygmunt KLIMCZAK - Deported to Siberia, Zygmunt then joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

KLISZ Family - The family was deported to Siberia in 1940. On release, they were evacuated to Persia and spent the war years in Isfahan. After the war, they settled in the UK.

Stanislaw KLOCZKOWSKI - He was a wireless operator in the Polish Air Force during the September Campaign. He evacuated to France abd then to England. In January 1944 he was reassigned to special operations Squadron 301 based in Italy, and he stayed there until the end of the war. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Stanislaw KMIEC - Stanislaw was deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he attended the Cadet School at Heliopolis and became a wireless operator in the Polish Air Force in the UK after the war. After a few years in England, he settled in Canada.

Stefan KNAPP - Stefan had always wanted two things in life - to be an artist and a pilot. He was deported to Siberia after the Soviets murdered his father at Katyn. On release, he joined the Polish army and evacuated to Persia. He was then sent to the UK to pursue training as a pilot. He was assigned to the Polish Air Force in the UK - 318 Squadron. After the war, he studied at the Royal Academy and at the Slade School of Fine Art in London. Many of his paintings and sculptures are in prestigious art galleries and private collections around the world.

Jerzy KOBRYNER - Jerzy fought in the September Campaign in Poland, evacuated to Romania, then joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division in Scotland. He fought in the European Campaign with the division. After the war, he settled in the UK.

Antoni KOBYLAK - Deported to Siberia with his family, several members did not survive. On release, the remaining members of the family made their way south, where Antoni's father joined the Polish 2nd Corps. Antoni, his mother and brother Stanislaw, evacuated to Persia, and made their way to a Polish settlement in Rhodesia. After the war, the family emigrated to the US.

Stanislaw KOBYLAK - Deported to Siberia with his family, several members did not survive. On release, the remaining members of the family made their way south, where Stanislaw's father joined the Polish 2nd Corps. Stanislaw, his mother and brother Antoni,evacuated to Persia, and eventually made their way to a Polish settlement in Rhodesia. After the war, the family emigrated to the US.

Boleslaw KOBYLEC - Boleslaw had been a pilot in Poland when war broke out. He made his way to the UK and served in the 305 Bomber Squadron of the Polish Air Force in the UK. Here is his recollection of a bombing mission.

Anna KOCHEL - Deported to Siberia with her family, she then spent the war years in the Polish settlement in Mombassa, Kenya. From Africa she went to the UK, then to the US.

Stanislaw KOCIOLEK - Fought in the September Campaign in Poland, then evacuated through Hungary to France and England before being sent to Iraq to join the Polish 2nd Corps. He trained in Palestine then fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he came to Canada on a two-year work contract.

Stefania KOCIOLEK - Deported to Siberia with her parents and brother. On release, they journeyed south to the Polish army outpost, and her father was lost on the way. Stefania, her mother and brother ended up at the Santa Rosa Polish settlement in Mexico. In 1948, they emigrated to Canada.

Jurata KOHUT - Deported to Siberia with her mother and sister, she then spent the war years in a Polish settlement in Kenya. From Africa she went to the UK, and eventually settled in Canada.

Leokadia KOLANO-WIKTOR - Deported to Siberia with her family, two brothers died there, then her father died while training with the Polish 2nd Corps in Iraq. She then spent the war years in a Polish settlement in Koja, Uganda. From Africa she went to the UK, and eventually settled in Canada.

Krystyna KOLODYNSKA - Deported to Kazakhstan with her mother, after her father was arrested, she then spent the war years at the Pahiatua Polish Children's Camp in New Zealand. Her father fought in the Italian Campaign and then joined his wife & daughter in New Zealand.

Kazimiera KOLODZIEJ - Deported to Siberia with her family, she spent the war years in the Polish settlement in Tengeru, Africa. From Africa she went to the UK, then Canada.

Kazimierz KONDOL - Kazimierz was deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. He was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS for his actions during the Battle of Monte Cassino.

Wladyslawa KONDRACKA - Deported to Siberia with her family, she spent a year in a Polish refugee camp in Uganda, Africa before volunteering for the Polish Air Force in the UK. After the war, she lived in Australia for a few years, before returning to Poland.

Tadeusz KONOPACKI - Participant of the Warsaw Uprising, then became a German POW, after which he joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division.

Boleslaw KONTRYM - He was a man who had more lives than a cat - and more medals than a Soviet Marshal. He fought on the Russian side in WW1, eventually joined the Polish side, participated in the Warsaw Uprising, escaped capture and then joined the1st Polish Armoured Division. He returned to Poland after the war and was tortured and executed by the Communist authorities.

Stanisław KOPAŃSKI - Stanisław was a highly decorated and frequently promoted General of the Polish Armed Forces in the West. Among others, he commanded the Polish Independent Carpathian Rifle Brigade in the battle of Tobruk. He was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITA CROSS, the Cross of Valour (twice), and many other decorations. After the war he settled in the UK.

Marian KOPIEC - Joined the1st Polish Armoured Division in the UK and trained as a radio telegraphist with the goal of joining the Home Army in Poland.

Bronislaw KORBA - Deported to Siberia, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, then transferred to the1st Polish Armoured Division in the UK and fought in the European Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Franciszek KORNICKI - Franciszek Kornicki was a fighter pilot who served in the Polish Air Force in Poland, France and Britain during the Second World War and later served in the Royal Air Force (RAF). He was the last surviving Polish fighter squadron commander from the Second World War..

Jozef KOSACKI - Jozef particiopated in the September Campaign, then evacuated to Hungary. He eventually made his way to France and then to England as part of the 1st Polish Armoured Division. He invented the MINE DETECTOR that was used for the next 50 years and saved countless lives. After the war, he returned to Poland

Henryk KOSIOR - Henryk fought in the September Campaign and was later captured by the Russians. He was sent to a forced labour camp in Vorkuta in Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he returned to Poland, but later moved to Germany.

Wladyslawa KOSTAK - Wladyslawa Kostak came out of the shadows to become a beauty queen and then stepped into the shadows to work as intelligence operative.

Jan KOSTELNYK - Conscripted into the Russian army, then sent to a work camp in Siberia. On Release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Janina KOWALCZEWSKA - Deported to Siberia with her family in June 1941. On release, they spent the rest of the war in Persia and Lebanon before going to the UK. They later emigrated to the USA.

Jan KOWALCZUK - Deported to Siberia, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps on release. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Kazimierz KOWALISZYN - Deported to Siberia, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps on release.He ferried German POWs to New York, then ferried new recruits to the continent. He volunteered to be a paratrooper in the 1st Independent Parachute Brigade and fought at Arnhem where he was injured. After the war, he spent some years in England before settled in Canada.

Bronislawa KOWALSKA - Deported to Siberia with her family, she settled in Canada after the war.

Stanislaw J. KOWALSKI - Stanislaw describes the conditions in Kolyma, Siberia which he was one of the few to eventually escape. Freed by the 'amnesty', he made his way to join the Polish 2ns Corps, and was later transferred to the 1st Polish Armoured Division. He fought the European Campaign and settled in England after the war.

Stanislaw KOWALSKI - Stanislaw describes his home village of Hucisko Pieniackie, in the Tarnopol region, and what happened to the village and its inhabitants after the war.

Stoslaw KOWALSKI - Stoslaw was deported to Siberia by the Russians. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, trained in the Middle East, and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Argentina.

Leon KOZAKIEWICZ - Leon was deported to Siberia by the Russians. On release, he joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division and fought in the European Campaign. He was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS and the Cross of Valour. He settled in Germany after the war.

Marian KOZIELEWSKI - Marian was the brother of Jan Karski, who had changed his name to Karski. During the German occupation, Marian was the head of the Warsaw Police, and he did his best to thwart the German regulations. He was eventually arrested and sent to Auschwitz. Released in 1941, he later participated in the Warsaw Uprising.

Daniela KOZIK - Deported to Siberia as a toddler, her family was released by the 'amnesty' and she settled in England after the war.

Janina KOZLOVSKIS - Janina was 13 when she was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, she was sent to a Polish settlement in Uganda, East Africa where she continued her education. After the war, she settled in Canada.

Halina KOZLOWSKA - Deported to Siberia with her family. On release, she joined the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish 2nd Corps. Her two brothers also joined the Polish 2nd Corps and were killed in action exactly 4 months apart, during the Italian Campaign.

Henryk KOZLOWSKI - Henryk was deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East and North Africa. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Ludwik KOZLOWSKI - Ludwik was forcibly conscripted into the Russian Army, then sent to Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and later transferred to the Polish Air Force in the UK. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Wladyslaw KOZLOWSKI - Deported to Siberia with his family and forced to work in a gold mine. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East and the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Zygmunt KOZLOWSKI - Deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he attended the Cadet School of the Polish 2nd Corps in Palestine. After the war, he returned to Poland and later emigrated to Canada.

Bozena KOZUBSKA - Deported to Siberia with herfamily. On release, her father joined the Polish 2nd Corps, while she and her mother spent the war years in the Polish settlement in Rusape in Africa. After the war, the family settled in the U.S.

Henryk KOZUBSKI - Arrested by the Russians, he was imprisoned in Tarnopol then was sent to a work camp in Siberia. On release he joined the 3rd Carpathian Rifle Brigade of the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Jerzy KOZUBSKI - Deported with his wife and child, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps on release, and fopught in the Italian Campaign. Here is the questionnaire he filled out in the Middle East about his time in Siberia. After the war, the family settled in the U.S.

Maria KRALSKA-PLAZIUK - Deported with her family, her father and sister died on the way to freedom. She, her mother, and younger brother spent the war years in Koja, Uganda, where her mother died. She settled in the UK after the war.

Zdzislaw KRASNODEBSKI - Zdzislaw served in the Polish Air Force in Poland, then evacuated to France. Once in the UK, he commanded the Polish 303 Squadron. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Adam KREUTZER - Escaping Poland when the Germans invaded, he made his way to France to join the Polish Army. He then trained in Scotland and fought in the European Campaign with the 1st Polish Armoured Division. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Tadeusz KROL -This is a VERY DETAILED memoir of the Krol family experiences during WW2. Ted's father joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in Tobruk and the Italian Campaign, Ted joined the CADETS of the Polish 2nd Corps, while the rest of the family spent the war years in Tehran and Lebanon. After the war, the family emigrated to the USA.

Jozef KROLCZYK- He participated in the September Campaign and was later deported to Siberia with his family and his wife's family. His parents and one of his brothers died in Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. He settled in the UK.

Bronislaw KROLIKOWSKI - He participated in the September Campaign then evacuated to Romania where he wahe joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he returned to Poland.

Father Lucjan KROLIKOWSKI - He was deported to Siberia and then. joined the Polish 2nd Corps. He ended up at the Tengeru Polish Settlement in East Africa.. After the war, he brought 145 Polish orphans to Canada.

Adam KROPINSKI - Adam was a highly decorated Pilot of the Polish Air Force in the UK, attaining the rank of Lieutenant Colonel. After the war, he and his family emigrated to British Columbia, Canada.

Emilia KROSTA - Deported to Siberia with her mother and brother, she then spent the war years at the Polish settlement in Tengeru, Tanzania, East Africa. They later settled in Canada.

Jozef KRUCZEK - Jozef served in the European Campaign of the 1st Polish Armoured Division. After the war, he lived in England for a few years, before emigrating to Canada.

Walerian KRUK - Deported to Siberia with his family, On release he evacuated to the Middle East where both his parents died. He joined the Polish 2nd Corps Cadets, and spent the war years in Palestine and Egypt. After the war, he spent some time in England before emigrating to Canada.

Zofia KRUK - Deported to Siberia with her family, On release she ended up at the Tengeru Polish settlement in East Africa. After the war, she spent some time in England before emigrating to Canada..

Michal KRUPA - He was deported to Siberia and then. joined the Polish 2nd Corps. He fought in the Italian Campaign, then volunteered to join the 1st Independent Parachute Brigade in order to connect with the Home Army in Poland. After the war, he settled in England and wrote "Shallow Graves in Siberia".

Stanislaw KRUPA - He was deported to Siberia at age 10. Released by the 'amnesty', he spent the war years in the Middle East. After the war, he, his mother, and sister, emigrated to Canada.

Leon KRUPNIK - After fighting in the September Campaign, Leon was deported to Siberia with his family. Released by the 'amnesty', he served in the Polish 2nd Corps in the Middle East and the Italian Campaign. After spending some years in the UK, he emigrated to Canada.

Jan KRUSZEWSKI - Jan was the highly-decorated (including the VIRTUTI MILITA CROSS commander of the Border Protection Guards during WW2. He was arrested by the Germans and spent the rest of the war as a POW. After the war, he settled in France.

Mieczyslaw KRZEZEWSKI - He fought in the September Campaign in Poland, then evacuated to Romania and made his way to France. He later evacuated to England and joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division n Scotland. He fought in the European Campaign with the Division. he settled in Breda.

Irena KRZYSKOW-WALLACE - Deported to Siberia with her family. On release, her father joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. Irena and her sister Mary, spent the war years in years in Africa - first at the Outschoorn Polish settlement, then Digglefold, and finally Gatooma. In 1947, they joined their father in England, and eventually settled in Canada.

Adolf KRZYWDZINSKI - Fought in the September Campaign, Was captured and deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Stanislaw KUBICZ - Fought in the September Campaign, Was captured and deported to a POW camp in Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Walenty KUBIS - Deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign, where he was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS. After the war, he settled in England.

Wladimir KUCHARCZYK - Deported to Siberia by the Russians. On release, he and his father joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign.. In 1947, they emigrated to Winnipeg, Canada.

Eleonora KUCZKOWSKA - Deported to Siberia with her family, she was repatriated to Poland in 1946. In 1970 she emigrated to Canada.

Zofia KUCZYNSKA-ARENT - Deported to the Archangelsk region of Siberia with her family. Her parents and two sisters died there. Zofia and her two surviving sisters spent five years at the Polish settlement in Valivade, India. After the war, they lived in England and then in Canada.

Jan KUDLA - Deported with his parents and siblings to a labour camp in Siberia, and their subsequent journey south to freedom. He joined the Polish 2nd Corps, then transferred to the 1st Polish Armoured Division and participated in the European Campaign. He returned to Poland after the war and worked for the underground, for which he was imprisoned.

Edmund KUFFEL - Taken to forced labour by the Germans, he escaped and joined the Polish 2nd Corps in Italy. After the war, he continued his education in England and Ireland before emigrating to Canada.

Bogdan KULIK - Excerpts fromThe Kulik Family Odyssey describing the deportation of the family members and their subsequent release from captivity.

Sronislaw KULIK - Deported with his family, his mother and sister died in Siberia. On release, Stanislaw joined the Polish army, then transferred to Scotland and joined the 1st Independent Paratroop Brigade. He participated in the Battle of Arnhem, was captured by the Germans, and was helped to escape by the Dutch. He settled in Scotland after the war.

Aleksander KUREC - During WW2, Aleksander joined the Polish 2nd Corps, and participated in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Anna KURYLO - Deported to Siberia with her family, she subsequently joined the Young Women's Auxiliary of the Polish 2nd Corps, and participated in the Italian Campaign. She spent several years in England before emigrating to Canada.

Wacek KURZWIEL - Deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he and his brother Zbigniew joined the Polish 2nd Corps, then switched to the 1st Independent Parachute Brigade. he settled in the UK.

Boleslaw KURYLO - Deported to Siberia, he subsequently joined the Polish 2nd Corps, and participated in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Irena KUS - Deported to Siberia with her entire family. On release, her father joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. One brother served in 304 Squadron of the Polish Air Force in the UK. Another brother joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division and fought in the European Campaign. Irena, her mother, and youngest brother spent 6 years in the Masindi Polish settlement in Africa, then went to the UK, and eventually settled in Canada.

Genowefa KUZIA - Deported to Siberia with her family, they spent some time in India before sailing to the Polish settlement at Santa Rosa, Mexico. After the war, she settled in Canada.

Waclaw KUZIA - Waclaw fought in the September Campaign in Poland, was captured by the Russians, and sent to several POW camps in the USSR. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Military Police. After the war, he came to Canada on a 2-year contract, and then settled in Winnipeg.

Kazimierz KUZDUB - Kazimierz fought in the September Campaign in Poland. He later joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he came to Canada on a 2-year work contract, and eventually settled in Winnipeg.

Maria KWASNIEWSKA - This is the story of how one photo of a famous Polish athlete with Adolf Hitler, became a pass for freedom. Maria won the bronze medal in the Javelin throw, which resulted in a photo taken with Hitler. She used that photo to gain access to the camps and save people from certain death.

Jozefa KWOLEK-OBIERSKA - Jozefa was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, her father joined the Polish 2nd Corps, her brother joined the Cadets, while Jozefa, her mother & sister went to the Tengeru Polish settlement in Africa. After the war, they settled in Canada.

Adolf KRZYWDZINSKI - Adolf joined the Polish 2nd Corps. under General Anders, in a heavy field artillery unit. Adolf trained in Iran, Iraq, Palestine, and Egypt, before setting sail for Italy where he fought in many battles, including Monte Casino. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Ludwik LABA - Ludwik fought in the 1939 September Campaign, then evacuated to Hungary and made his way to France. He then served in the European Campaign of the 1st Polish Armoured Division. After the war, he settled in the UK.

Piotr LAGUNA - Piotr served in the Polish Air Force during the September Campaign, then evacuated to France to continue the fight. When France fell, he evacuated to England where he fought in the Battle of Britain. He was the commander of the Polish 302 Squadron when he was killed in action in June 1941.

Franciszek LACHOWICZ - Franciszek served as a medic in the European Campaign of the 1st Polish Armoured Division. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Witold LAGENFELD - Witold was a Lt. Colonel in the Polish Intelligence service during WW2. Here he describes some of the major successes of the service that caused it to be ranked among the best.

Janina LANG - Deported to Siberia with her family. On release, her father joined the Polish 2nd Corps. She, her mother and sister spent the war years in the Polish camps at Abercorn and Lusaka in Rhodesia, Africa. After the war, the family reunited in the UK, and eventually settled in Canada

Julian LANG - Deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the 10th Medium Artillery of the Polish 2nd Corps, and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he came to Canada on a 2-year work contract.

Helena LAPINSKA - Deported to Siberia with her family. On release, she evacuated to Persia with her children and then spent the rest of the war in Lebanon. After the war, she reunited with her husband in the UK and they emigrated to Canada on a 2-year work contract.

Waclaw LAPINSKI - Waclaw participated in the September Campaign, was captured by the Russians, and sent to Siberia. His family was later deported to Siberia as well. On release, Waclaw joined the Polish 2nd Corps, fought in the Middle East, at Tobruk, and in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada on a 2-year work contract.

Waclaw LAPKOWSKI - Waclaw was a pilot in the Polish Air Force and participated in the September Campaign in Poland. He evacuated to France and then to the UK where he commanded the Polish 303 Squadron. He was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS, and the Cross of Valour (four times). He was killed in action over the English Channel.

Alfons LASKOWSKI - Lance Corporal Laskowski was a member of the 10th Mounted Rifles Regiment of the 1st Polish Armoured Division. He was killed when the truck he was in drove over a mine near Breda in the Netherlands.

Jozef LAWINSKI - Fought in the September Campaign in Poland, was captured by the Russians and sent to a POW camp in Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, trained in the Middle East and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in the UK.

Zygmunt LAWRYNOWICZ - Participated in the Home Army (AK), was a Prisoner of War, escaped and joined the Polish Army, spent some time in England, then settled in Argentina.

Eugeniusz LAZOWSKI, Dr. - The Nazis were coming to liquidate the village in 1941. He had no weapons, no soldiers, no time. So he gave everyone a disease (typhus) that didn't actually exist—and saved 8,000 lives. After the war, he emigrated to the U.S.A.

Wladyslawa LECH-BANASIAK - The family was deported by the Russians after her father was arrested. As an officer of the Polish State Police, he was executed in the Katyn massacres. The family spent 5 years in exile before being repatriated to Poland. Here, Wladyslawa describes their exile in great detail.

Tadeusz LECZYNSKI - Tadeusz fought in the September Campaign in Poland and was taken prisoner by the Germans. After being liberated he completed his studies in England. Tadeusz eventually emigrated to Canada.

Tadeusz LEISISZ - Tadeusz was a Lieutenant-Commander of the Polish Navy during WW2 and served aboard several Polish destroyers. He spent some years in Poland after the war, before settling in Manchester, England.

Jozef LEDUCHOWICZ - Four family members spent the war years in the Kidugala Polish settlement in Africa, one joined the Polish 2nd Corps, and two joined the Polish Air Force in the UK.

Kazimierz LESKI - Kazimierz Leski was a naval engineer, co-designer of Dutch-made submarines that would one day fly the Polish banner, and, in WW2, a shot-down pilot, twice-escaped POW, Intelligence ace, Warsaw Uprising hero, and rescuer of Jews. He also impersonated German Generals while travelling in German-occupied territories.

Wladyslaw LEWY - Wladyslaw was deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he served with the Polish 2nd Corps in the Italian Campaign. After the war he emigrated to Canada.

Edmund LEWANDOWSKI - Edmund fount in the September Campaign, was captured by the Germans, escaped, and joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division. After the war, he settled in Breda.

Bazyli LICZYK - Bazyli was deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. After the war he emigrated to Canada on a two-year work contract.

Mikolaj LICZYK - Mikolaj was deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. After the war he emigrated to Canada on a two-year work contract.

Aloysius LIGON- Aloysius served with the Polish 2nd Corps in the Italian Campaign. After the war he emigrated to Canada on a 2-year work contract.

Stanislaw LINDA - Conscripted by the German Army, he was captured by the British in 1944, and enlisted in Polish 2nd Corps.

Romuald LIPINSKI - Deported to Siberia with his family, then joined the 12th Podolski Lancers Regiment of the Polish 2nd Corps, and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war he settled in the USA.

Marian LISOWSKI - Conscripted into the Russian Army, Marian was eventually released by the 'amnesty', joined the Polish 2nd Corps, and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war he moved to Canada on a two-yer work contract.

Eugenia LIUSZ - Deported to Siberia with her family, she then joined the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish 2nd Corps, and trained as a nurse in the Middle East before being transferred to a Polish hospiital in Scotland. After the war she settled in Canada.

Grzegorz LIUSZ - Deported to Siberia with his family, he then joined the Polish 2nd Corps, and fought in the Battle of Tobruk and in the Italian Campaign where he was wounded. After the war he settled in Canada.

Witold LOKUCIEWSKI - Member of the Polish Air Force in Poland, France, and the UK, he was the last commander of 303 Squadron. He was a Prisoner of War of the Germans, who took part in "The Great Escape" but was re-captured. He settled in Poland after the war.

Justyna LOPATO - Deported to Siberia with her family, she spent the war years in Lebanon. After the war she lived in the UK for a few years before moving to the USA.

Henryk LORENC - Deported with his family to Siberia - 4 perished there and only 3 survived. He spent some years in the Polish settlement in Tengeru, East Africa, then joined the Polish Cadets in the Middle East. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Janina LORENC - At age 10, Janina survived forced deportation to Soviet labour camps in Siberia. She spent 6 years in the Polish settlement in Tengeru, East Africa and several years in England before settling in Winnipeg in 1951.

Felicjan LOTH - Doctor Felicjan Loth, a first-rate surgeon, was arrested in February 1941 for helping organize an underground med school. Loth underwent a default beating-and-recovery procedure, but then, instead of Auschwitz or a mass grave just outside the city, he was assigned to the medical personnel of the prison.

Czeslaw LUBA - Czeslaw was deported to Siberia with his wife and in-laws. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. He was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS, the Cross of Valour, and many other medals.

Tadeusz LUBIENIECKI - Deported with his parents and brother, Tadeusz joined the Poliush army in the USSR, evacuated to the Middle East, and was then transferred to the Polish Air Force in the UK. He settled in the UK after the war.

Antoni LUBNIEWSKI - Deported to Siberia with his family, Antoni joined the Polish army in the USSR, trained in the Middle East, and fought in the Italian Campaign with the Polish 2nd Corps. He settled in the UK after the war.

Witold LUKASZEWSKI - Witold was deported to Siberia with his parents. After being released, he ended up in a Polish settlement in India. After the war he settled in the USA. Included here is an extract from his book "Three Uniforms" where he describes life in Kazakhstan

Danuta LUKOMSKA - Danuta was deported with her parents and three sisters to the Arkhangelsk region of Siberia. Father died in a Siberian jail. One sister died on the ship on the Indian Ocean. Danuta spent some time at the Polish settlement at Valivade in India, and the Polish Koja camp in Uganda. She settled in Canada after the war.

Tadeusz LUTAKA - Tadeusz participated in the September Campaign in Poland. Captured by the Germans, he later escaped and made his way back home. He then joined the Home Army (AK), gathering intelligence and taking part in sabotage missions. In 2025 he celebrated his 108th birthday.

Boleslaw LUTOMIRSKI - Boleslaw served in the State Police in Poland before WW2. He was arrested by the Russians and eventually executed as part of the atyn massacres.

LYJAK Family - Stanislaw was deported to Siberia. On release he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. Julia was deported to Siberia. On release, she was sent to a Polish camp in Africa. They met in the Marsworth Polish Hostel in the UK.

Kazimiera MACHNIAK - Deported to Siberia with her family. On release, her brothers joined the Polish forces, while she, her sisters, and their father spent the war years in the Tengeru Polish settlement in Africa. After the war, she settled in Canada.

Janusz MACINSKI - Janusz was a pilot with the Polish Air Force in the UK. On 4 September 1940, he was shot down in Hurricane Z2309 during combat with Me109s off Folkestone and baled out. Macinski, aged 24, was reported Missing.

Danuta MACZKA-GRADOSIELSKA - Deported to Siberia with her family. On release, she joined the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish 2nd Corps (316 Transport Company). Her brother also served in the Polish 2nd Corps.

Andrzej and Zosia MADERA - Andrzej joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East and the Italian Campaign. Zosia served in the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish Air Force in the UK. They settled in Canada after thw war.

Wacek MAJ - The whole family was deported to Siberia. On release, Wacek joined the Wilenski Reconnaissance Unit of the Polish 2nd Corps. He served with the 3DSK in the Italian Campaign. After the wear, he came to Canada on a two-year work contract.

Stefan MAJCHRZAK - Stefan fought in the September Campaign in Poland, was captured by the Germans, and was taken to a POW camp in Germany. After the wear, he came to Canada on a two-year work contract.

Wladyslawa MAJEWSKA - Reknowned performer with the "Wesola Lwowska Fala" that evacuated to Romania at the onset of the war, then made their way to France and eventually to Scotland. She performed with the troupe in Scotland and England, and then across Europe with the 1st Polish Armoured Division. She settle in the UK after the war.

Dr. Adam MAJEWSKI - Fought in the September Campaign, then evacuated to Hungary and made his way to France and Great Britain. Served with the Polish 2nd Corps in the Middle East and the Italian Campaign. Returned to Poland after the war.

Stefania MAJGIER - The whole family was deported to Siberia. On release, they were sent to the Masindi Polish settlement in Uganda in Africa. After the war, she returned to Poland.

Maria MAKOWSKA-OSICKA - Maria was deported to Siberia with her family. Her step-mother and younger brother died there. On release, Maria was sent to the Tengeru Polish camp in East Africa. She then volunteered to join the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish Air Force in the UK, and sailed to England. After the war, she settled in Canada.

Boleslaw MAKOWSKI - The family was deported to Siberia. On release, Boleslaw joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. He was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS. After the war, he came to Canada on the 2-year work contract.

Zofia MALACHOWSKA-PTASNIK - An excerpt from her diary detailing the daily happenings during the train journey to Siberia.

Alina MALISZEWSKA - Alina and her mother spent 5 years in exile in Kazakhstan, before returning to Poland after the war. She became a renowned artist, producing drawings, books, and short videos.

Zofia MALISZEWSKA-SIWICKA - Zofia was taken to forced labour in Germany where she had to work on farms. After the war, she emigrated to Canada.

Tadeusz MANTURO - Tadeusz was deported to Siberia with his family. One of his sisters died there, his brother joined Berling's Army and all trace of him was lost. The family was repatriated to Poland.

Edward MARCHEWKA - An excerpt from “An American Patriot – Son of Poland” written by his son, showing the impact of Edward volunteering to join the 1st Polish Armoured Division.

Adam MARCINKIEWICZ - During the fighting for the city of Thielt, Belgium the Sherman Tanks of the 1st Polish Armoured Division came under heavy anti-tank fire and Lieutenant Marcinkiewicz carried out a raid on German positions during which a German Panzerfaust blew off his right hand. The German positions were taken and only then did Adam retire to the rear with severe blood loss. For this action he was awarded the Polish Cross of Valour and the British Military Cross.

Mieczyslaw MARCINKOWSKI - as a pilot, Mieczyslaw fought in the September Campaign in Poland, then evacuated to Romania and made his way to Great Britain where he joined the Polish Air Force in the UK. He was reported missing in action on 1 November 1940.

MARCZAK Family Odyssey - The family was deported to Siberia. On release, 2 of them joined the Polish 2nd Corps, 2 members joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division, 2 others spent the war years at a Polish settlement in Africa, and 1 member stayed behind in Russia.

Feliks MARCZYNSKI - Feliks was sentenced to hard labour in Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, then transferred to the 1st Polish Armoured Division and fought in the European Campaign. He settled in the UK after the war.

MARKUT Stanislaw & Antonina - Both families were deported to Siberia. On release, Stanislaw joined the Polish 2nd Corps and was later transferred to the 1st Polish Armoured Division. Antonina joined the 317 Transport Company of the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish 2nd Corps. They met and married after the war and eventually settled in Buffalo, New York.

MARTUSEWICZ-BALUT Krystyna - Krystyna was deported to Siberia with her mother and grandmother. On release, they made their way south and evacuated to Persia with the Polish Army, then were sent to the Polish Valivade settlement in India. In 1947, they were moved to the Koja Polish camp in Uganda. They later emigrated to Canada.

Henryk MARYNOWICZ - Henryk participated in several battles of the September Campaign in Poland. He returned home and was deported to Kazakhstan with his mother, brother Wladyslaw and sister Jadwiga. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East. He was later seconded for study in the UK, where he settled after the war.

Maria MARZEC - Deported to Siberia, on release Maria joined the 316 Transport Company of the Polish 2nd Corps and participated in the Italian Campaign. After the war, she settled in Canada.

Jozefa MASLANKA - Jozefa was 12 years old when she was deported to Siberia with her parents and brothers in 1940. Released by the 'amnesty' she evacuated to Persia with the Polish army. She joined the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish 2nd Corps and pursued her education in the Middle East and later in England. After the war, she settled in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.

Leokadia MASLANKA - Leokadia was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, they evacuated the USSR with the Polish army and were sent to a Polish settlement in Africa. Leokadia later volunteered for the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish Air Force in the UK. After the war, she settled in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.

Michal MASLANKA - Michal was deported to Siberia. On release, he evacuated the USSR with the Polish army and later volunteered to join the Polish Air Force in the UK, where he served as Flight Sergeant / Navigator. After the war, he settled in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.

Dr. Zdzislaw MASZADRO - He escaped the invading Russians and made his way to France, where he joined the Resistance. He was later arrested by the Germans and sent to Buchenwald Concentration Camp. On liberation, he joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division.

Waclaw MATIAS - He was deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. He emigrated to Canada on a two-year work contract.

Genowefa MATKOWSKA - Deported with her family, they were later sent to the Polish settlement in Masindi, Uganda, East Africa. After the war, they settled in Canada.

Stanislaw MAZ - Extract from the book by Captain Stanisław MAŹ “History of the Polish 10th Heavy Artillery Regiment of the 2nd Polish Corps 1941-1946 (published in Polish – London 1981). Here he describes the Departure for England of the Polish 10th Heavy Artillery Regiment of the Polish 2nd Corps.

Helena MAZURKIEWICZ-LAPINSKA - Deported to Siberia, she and her children later spent some years in Lebanon, while her husband Waclaw served with the Polish 2nd Corps in Tobruk and in the Italian Campaign. The family settled in Canada after the war.

Adam MERCIK - His father was a member of the General Staff, so he evacuated to Romania with his parents, then made his way to Palestine where he entered Polish 2nd Corps cadet School. At age 17, he enlisted in the Polish 2nd Corps and participated in the Italian Campaign. He completed engineering studies in England and then settled in Canada.

Maria MICHALAK - Maria served as a courier in the Home Army (AK) in Poland. She was captured by the Germans and sent to the Ravensbruck Concentration Camp in Germany. After the war, she settled in Canada.

Stefan MICHALAK - Stefan served in the Home Army (AK) in Poland during WW2. The Communist government wanted to arrest him, sp he escaped Poland and made his way to Canada.

Jan MICHALCZYSZYN - Jan described the deportation and life in Siberia in an essay he wrote as a Polish 2nd Corps Cadet in the Middle East in 1942.

Mikolaj MICHALCZYSZYN - Mikolaj described life under the Russians and the elections they held prior to deporting them to Siberia. He wrote this in answer to a questionnaire as a member of the Polish 2nd Corps in the Middle East in 1942.

Kazimierz MICHALSKI - Kazimierz was deported to Siberia by the Russians. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in England.

Leon MICHALSKI - Leon evacuated Poland at the onset of WW2 and made it to Hungary, and then to France. When France fell, he evacuated to England, where he was part of a number of Air Force Squadrons, at several bases in the UK. After the war, he emigrated to Argentina and later Costa Rica.

Piotr MICHALSKI - Piotr was deported to Siberia. On release, he joined the 3 DSK of the Polish 2nd

Corps. He fought in the Italian Campaign, then joined the Polish Resettlement Corps in England

before emigrating to Canada.

Kazimierz MICHULKA - Kazimierz was deported to Siberia. On release, he joined the Heavy Artillery Regiment of the Polish 2nd Corps. He fought in the Italian Campaign, then settled in Scotland.

Edward MICKANIEC - Edward fought in the September Campaign and later joined the Polish 2nd Corps

and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Zbigniew MIECZKOWSKI - Zbigniew evacuated Poland to Romania, and eventually made his way to join the Polish army in France. He later evacuated to the UK and landed in Scotland where he became part of the 1st Polish Armoured Division. He fought with the Division through the European Campaign.

Stanislaw MILCZYNSKI - Stanislaw fought in the September Campaign, then joined the Home Army

(AK) and led his company in the Warsaw Uprising. Released from the POW camp, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps in Italy. After some time in England, he emigrated to Canada.

Napoleon MILEJSZO - Napoleon fought in the September Campaign, was captured by the Russians and sent to Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish Air Force in the UK. After the war, he spent some years in Argentina before moving to Canada.

Bohdan MINTOWT-CZYZ - Bohdan fought in the September Campaign,was captured by the Russians and sent to a POW camp in Siberia. Released by the 'amnesty', he made his way south and joined the Polish 2nd Corps. After the war, he settled in England.

Hubert MISIUDA - Hubert was the first Chaplain of the Polish Armed Forces in the West to complete a parachute course. He took part in the raid near Arnhem. He was killed while crossing the Ren River, hit by a bullet from a machine rifle, on the night of 24-25 September 1944.

Eugeniusz MOCARSKI - Deported to Siberia with his family, his parents and his 4 siblings died there. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After some time in England, he emigrated to Canada.

Edward MOCZULSKI - Deported to Kokczetawska oblast in Kazakhstan with his family. On release,

he joined the 7th Anti-Tank Regiment of the Polish 2nd Corps, and became a signalman in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he lived in the UK before emigrating to Canada.

Julian MOLINSKI - - Deported to Siberia, then joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Czeslawa MONIAK-KRYGIEL - The family were deported to Siberia. On release, she and her brother

made their way to Persia and eventually to the Polish Valivade settlement in India. After the war, she spent some time in the UK, then emigrated to Canada.

Jerzy MONDSCHEIN - Jerzy was part of the Polish Air Force in Poland, France and the UK. He was captured by the Germans and taken to Stalag III POW camp in Sagan, Germany (now Zagan, Poland). He was part of the group that escaped the camp (The Great Escape movie was based on their story). He was killed by the Gestapo during his escape.

Casimir & Zofia MORAWSKI - The family was deported to Siberia. On release, Zofia and her daughter

ended up at Polish settlement in Valivade, India, while her husband and one son served in the Polish 2nd Corps. The other son was sent to a hospital in South Africa and settled there after the war, they lived in

the UK and eventually emigrated ro Canada.

Stanislaw MORGOWIK - Stanislaw fought in the September Campaign and was badly wounded. He was later deported to Siberia by the Russians. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war he settled in the UK.

Hela MOROZ - Deported to Siberia with her family. On release, she spent time in the Middle East and then at the Polish settlement in Valivade, India. After the war she settled in the UK.

Adam MOSSAKOWSKI - Adam fought in the September Campaign in Poland, and was then captured by the Russians. Deported to Siberia, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Alfons MRZYK - He was forcibly conscripted into the German Army. He later joined the Polish 2nd Corps. After the war, he returned to Poland.

Franciszek MULTAN - He joined the Polish 2nd Corps on release and fought in the Italian Campaign.

After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Mieczyslaw MUMLER - Polish pilot in Poland, France, and in the UK. He was the commander of the first

Polish Squadron #302 during the Battle of Britain.

Zbigniew MUSKUS - After his father's arrest, the family were deported by the Russians. Released by the 'amnesty' they headed south to find the Polish army being formed in the USSR. His father joined the Polish 2nd Corps, Zbigniew joined the Air Force, and his sister Grazyna spent the war years in a Polish settlement in Africa. After the war, he settled in the UK.

Urszula MUSKUS - Urszula spent 14 years in Siberia and wrote the book "The Long Bridge". Here her grandson summarizes her story here.

Janina MUSZYNSKA - Janina was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, they evacuated to Persia with the Polish army, amd were sent to the Masindi Polish settlement in Uganda. After the war, they settled in Canada.

Edward MŻYCZEK - Edward was a Sapper in the 1st Polish Armoured Division. He was clearing mines near Breda with two colleagues, and all three were killed and buried in Oosterhout cemetery in the Netherlands.

Emanuela NADEL - Emanuela was deported to Siberia with her mother. Her father had been arrested by the Soviets, and they learned many years later that he was executed at Katyn. Emanuela and her mother eventually escaped Siberia and returned to Poland. After the war, they lived in Germany before emigrating to Australia.

Piotr NADOLSKI - Piotr describes the invasion of Poland by the Russians, the fake elections, and the

deportations.

Zygmunt NAGORSKI - Zygmunt served in the September Campaign in Poland, evacuated to France to join the Polish Army there, evacuated to England and joined the 1st Independent Parachute Brigade. After the war, he emigrated to the U.S.

Stanislaw NAHORSKI - Immediately prior to the invasion of Poland on 30 August 1939, three Polish destroyers ORP Błyskawica, Grom and Burza left Gydnia on the Baltic and escaped to Great Britain. Stanisław Nahorski was Commander of Burza.

Wladyslaw NAJDUCH - Wladyslaw served in the September Campaign in Poland and was captured by the Russians and sent to Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. After the war he settled in Canada.

Eleanora NAJEWICZ - Eleanora was deported to Siberia with her family. On release they evacuated to Persia with the Polish army, then spent the rest of the war in Lebanon. They later settled in Canada.

Wladyslaw NAKIELNY - Wladyslaw fought in the September Campaign in Poland. He evacuated to Romania and made his way to join the Polish Army in France. He then joined the 1st Polish Artmoured Division in Scotland and fought in the European Campaign. After the war he settled in Canada.

Wojciech NAREBSKI - Wojciech fought in the September Campaign, was captured by the Russians and sent to Siberia. He later joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Italian Campaign.. After the war he returned to Poland.

Romuald NALECZ-TYMINSKI - Romuald was the Naval Commander of ORP Ślązak during WW2. He was a pivotal part of the infamous Dieppe Raid. He defied orders and saved 85 Canadian soldiers that were trapped by German artillery fire on the shore. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Franciszek NEDZA - Franciszek fought in the September Campaign, evacuated to Hungary, then made his way to the Polish army in France. Evacuated to England, he joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division and fought in the European Campaign. After the war, he settled in the UK.

Jozef NIESSEL - Jozef fought in the September Campaign, was captured by the Russians and sent to Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East, then was transferred to the 1st Polish Armoured Division. After the war, he settled in Scotland.

Marceli NEYDER - Marceli was a cadet at the outbreak of WW2. He made his way to the Polish army in France, then evacuated to England where he joined the Polish Air Force. Among other medals, he was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS.

Bolesław NIECZUJA-OSTROWSKI - The Brigadier General participated in the September 1939 Campaign, then served in the Home Army (AK). He was highly decorated - among other medals, he was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS. He settled in Elbląg with his wife Bronisława where they raised their 3 children and he devoted the rest of his life to devoted to historical and educational affairs.

Wladyslaw NIEDOCHODOWICZ - Wladyslaw escaped Polnd and made his way to the Polish army in France, then to Scotland, where he joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division. He fought in the European Campaign and settled in the UK after the war.

Eugeniusz NIEDZIELSKI - Eugeniusz was deported to Siberia by the Russians. On release, he joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division. He fought in the European Campaign and settled in the UK after the war.

Bronislaw NIEMIEC - Bronislaw was deported to Siberia by the Russians. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps. He fought in the Italian Campaign and returned to Poland after the war.

Joanna NIEWIADOMNA - Joanna was deported to Kazakhstan with her mother and sister. On release, they were evacuated to Persia. Joanna joined the Polish 2nd Corps in Palestine. After the war, she emigrated to the USA.

Zofia NIEZGARSKA - Zofia was deported to Archangelsk as an infant with her mother. After 'amnesty' they moved to the Balkans and were repatriated to Poland in 1946.

Wladislaw NIWINSKI - Wladislaw was deported to Siberia by the Russians. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps. He fought in the Battle of Tobruk and in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Marian NIEWOLSKI - Marian was in the Polish Air Force at the start of WW2. He made his way to the Air Force in France and later to England where he joined the Polish Air Force in the UK. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Andrzej NOWAKOWSKI - Andrzej joined the Polish 2nd Corps, and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Jozef OBIERSKI - Jozef fought in the September Campaign in Poland and was captured by the Germans. He spent 5 years in several POW camps. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps in Itay. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Stanislawa OBLIK - Stanislawa was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, she spent some time in Persia, then moved to Lebanon. After the war, she emigrated to Canada.

Tadeusz ODYNIEC - Tadeusz fought in the September Campaign, was captured by the Russians and sent to Siberia. He later joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Italian Campaign.. After the war he settled in the U.S.

Eleanora OLBRECHT - Eleanora was deported to Siberia with her family. On release they evacuated to Persia with the Polish army, then spent the rest of the war in Lebanon. They settled in Canada.

Stefan OLBRECHT - Stefan was deported to Siberia with his family. He later joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Italian Campaign.. After the war he settled in Canada.

Wladyslaw OLEJNICZAK - Stefan fought in the September Campaign. He was captured by the Germans and spent the rest of the war in a German POW camp. After the war he settled in Canada.

Leopold OLENIUK - Leopold fought in the September Campaign, evacuated to Hungary, then made his way to Syria where he fought in the Battle of Tobruk. He served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign with the Polish 2nd Corps and returned to Poland in 1947. He was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI, the Cross of Valour (three times), and many other medals.

Konstanty OKOLOW-ZUBKOWSKI - Konstanty served on several Polish battleships during WW2, including seeing action off Dunkirk, and during the hunt for the German battleship the Bismarck. After the war, he settled in England.

Eugenia ORLUKIEWICZ - Eugenia was deported to Siberia with her family. On release they spent the war in a number of Polish settlements. After the war she settled in Canada.

Piotr ORLUKIEWICZ - Forcibly conscripted into the Russian Army. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and was an ambulance driver during the Italian Campaign. After the war he settled in Canada.

Feliks OSINSKI - Feliks fought in the September Campaign, was captured by the Russians and sent to Siberia. He later joined the Polish 2nd Corps and was a sapper clearing mine fields in Italy.. After the war he settled in Canada.

Alfred OSTASZEWSKI - Deported to Siberia with his family. On release he joined the Cadets at the Heliopolis Air Force school in Egypt. He later moved to the UK. Here he describes life at the Fairford Camp.

Antoni OSTOWICZ - The 1st Polish pilot to shoot down an enemy aircraft in the Battle of Britain, he became the 1st Polish airman to lose his life in combat during the battle. He was shot down over the English Channel and his body was never found. He was 29 years old.

Krystyna OSTROWSKA - Deported to Siberia with her parents and brother, her father perished in the labour camp. Krystyna wrote a detailed diary of this experience, filling many exercise books, but her story only came to light when she was 90 years old.

Wladyslaw OTOROWSKI - Wladyslaw was living in France when the war broke out. He he boarded a ship to England and became part of the Polish Air Force attached to the RAF. He became a Signals Officer and Squadron Leader in the Command of Squadron 302 which flew Spitfires and Mosquitos.

Mieczyslaw OZIEWICZ - Deported to Siberia with his family, he later became a radio operator in the 300 Bomber Squadron of the Polish Air Force in the UK. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Wladyslaw PACEWICZ - Deported to Siberia after his father was arrested by the Russians and subsequently executed at Katyn. On release, Wladyslaw evacuated to Persia with the Polish army and volunteered for the Polish Navy where he served for the rest of the war.

Jan PACZKOWSKI - Jan fought in the September Campaign, was captured by the Russians and sent to Siberia. On release, he jopined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Jozef PALIMAKA - Deported to Siberia with his family, he later became a mechanic in the Polish Air Force in the UK. After the war, he lived in England before emigrating to Canada.

Jan PASIERBEK - Jan fought in the September Campaign, was captured by the Russians, and sent to a POW camp in Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East and the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Zofia PASZEK - She and her family were deported to forced labour camps in Germany. After the war, Zofia emigrated to Canada and eventually reunited her family in Canada.

Ludwik PASZKIEWICZ - Ludwik served in the Polish Air Force in Poland, France and England, where he was part of the 303 Squadron. He was killed in action during the Battle of Britain.

Kazimierz PATALAS - As a teenager, Dr. Kazimierz Patalas was taken to Germany for forced labour. He later joined the resistance movement in Poland. He earned his doctorate there and became renowned in the field of Hydrobiology. In 1967, he was recruited to the Freshwater Institute in Winnipeg and settled there. Kazimierz was very active in the local Polish community.

Stanislawa PAWLIK - Deported with her parents and siblings to Zytygara in the northernmost region of Kazakhstan when she was 5 years old. Her parents and one brother died in Teheran in April 1942, just as they had reached freedom. She and her sisters spent the next 3+ years at the Isfahan Polish Orphanage in Persia (Iran), before continuing their studies in Lebanon. Stanislawa sailed to the UK in 1948.

Zbyszek PAZ - He describes his release from Siberia, the hazardous journey south to find the Polish army, and volunteering for the Polish Navy under British command.

Tadeusz PECAK - As a teenager, Tadeusz was deported with his family to Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, and participated in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he spent some time in England, then emigrated to Canada.

Florian PEREPECZKO - Florian took part in the 1939 September Campaign, then evacuated to Hungary. He fought with the Polish Army in France, then joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division and participated in the European Campaign. He settled in the U.K. after the war.

Pawel PETRYK- Pawel spent 6 years in Siberia before being repatriated to Poland in 1946. He emigrated to Canada in 1961.

Stanislaw PETRYK - Stanislaw spent 6 years in Siberia before being repatriated to to Poland in 1946. He emigrated to Canada in 1970.

PETRYKA Family - The four brothers and their family members were deported to Siberia. On release, the brothers all joined the Polish 2nd Corps. One died in Iran in 1942, the others fought in the Italian Campaign and settled in England after the war.

Zygmunt PIATKIEWICZ - Deported to Siberia, he later joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. He was twice awarded the Cross of Valour, as well as the Silver VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS. After the war, he settled in the UK.

Jan PIECHOTA (aka WIKTOR) - Deported to Siberia with his family - his father and brother died there. On release, he joined the Cadets of the Polish 2nd Corps and later, the Polish Merchant Navy College in the UK. On graduating he spent 5 years in the Merchant Navy, before joining his family in Canada.

Roman PIECZONKA - Roman was deported to Siberia with his family. His is parents died in Uzbekistan, and the children were taken in by the orphanage organized by the Polish army. Roman and his siblings spent the war years in a Polish settlement in Rhodesia. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Stefania PIECZONKA - Deported to Siberia with her family. On release, they spent some time in the Middle East before being sent to a Polish settlement in East Africa. After the war she settled on Canada.

Zygmunt PIECZONKA - Deported to Siberia with his family. On release, they were sent to the Tengeru Polish settlement in East Africa. After the war he settled on Canada.

Zbigniew PIERSCIANOWSKI - With the rank of Major, he was a participant in various Polish units across Europe during WW2. After the war he eventually settled on Canada.

Rajmund & Jadwiga PIERZCHAJLO - Her family were deported to Siberia, but she escaped and was later a slave labourer in Germany. He was a prisoner at Auschwitz, and other German camps. After the war, they emigrated to Canada.

Henryk PIETRZAK - Pilot in the Polish Air Force in Poland, in France, and in the UK. He became an ace, and later commended 309 Squadron. Pietrzak was awarded the Virtuti Militari, and the Cross of Valor four times. He settled in England after the war.

Tadeusz PIETRZYKOWSKI -Tadeusz fought in the September Campaign, was later captured by the Germans and sent to the Auschwitz concentration camp. He was a renowned boxer & fought in over 40 bouts there. On release, he joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division and continued boxing matches with the Allied Forces in occupied Germany. He returned to Poland in 1947.

Leopold PIKULSKI - Deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and evacuated to the Middle East.He later volunteered to join the 1st Polish Armoured Division in Scotland, and fought in the European Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Henryk PILOZOW - Henryk fought in the September Campaign, was deported to Siberia, joined the Polish 2nd Corps, trained in the Middle East, then fought in the Italian Campaign. He then emigrated to Canada.

Jadwiga PILSUDSKA - Jadwiga served in the British Air Transport Auxiliary (ATA) during WW2. She delivered about 230 planes. She never caused an air accident or damaged any air craft!

Franciszek PINDOR - Franciszek served as navigator in the Polish Air Force in the September Campaign. He evacuated to Romania, then to France, and finally to Scotland where he joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division. He fought in the European Campaign with the division. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Barbara PIOTROWSKA-GANCARCZYK - Barbara participated in the Warsaw Uprising as part of the Home Army (AK) in Poland. She was captured by the Germans and spend some time in prison. After the war, she participated in the reconstruction of Warsaw.

Czeslawa PIOTROWSKA - Czeslawa was deported to Siberia with her family. Released by the 'amnesty', they spent the rest of the war in a Polish settlement in East Africa. After the war, she and her husband moved to Port Arthur, Ontario where they raised their family.

Henryk PIOTROWSKI - Henryk was deported to Siberia with his family. Released by the 'amnesty', he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Jan PIOTROWSKI - Jan was deported to Siberia, joined the Polish 2nd Corps, trained in the Middle East, then fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada on a two-year work contract.

Wladyslaw PIOTROWSKI - Wladyslaw was deported to Siberia with his mother Zofia, brother Zbigniew, and sister Maria (who died in exile). On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, trained in the Middle East, then fought in the Italian Campaign. He later emigrated to New Zealand.

Michal PIOTUCH - Michal was deported to Siberia with his wife and daughter. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, and served as a guard in Palestine. After the war, he emigrated to New Zealand on where he joined his daughter.

Marian PISAREK - Served in the Polish Air Force at the onset of WW2, then evacuated to the Air Force in France. When France fell, he found his way to the UK where he became a highly decorated member of the Polish Air Force in the UK. He was killed in action on 29 April 1942.

Ludwik PISARSKI - Deported to Siberia by the Russians, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps on release, trained in the Middle East and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Italy..

Jerzy PISKOR - A member of the Home Army in Poland during the war. He evacuated through Czechoslovakia and joined the Polish 2nd Corps in 1945. In 1947, he emigrated to Canada on a two-year work contract.

Tadeusz Ludwik PISKOR - General Piskor fought in the Polish Legions, the Polish-Bolshevik war, and the September Campaign. He was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS, the Cross of Valour (4 times), and many other medals. After the war, he settled in the UK.

Jan PIWNIK - A member of the 1st Independent Parachute Brigade, the "Sight Unseen", and the Home Army in Poland during the war. He was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS and a legendary status among Polish WW2 freedom fighters. was killed in action near Wilno, where his troops were fighting in “Operation Tempest”. Jan died in Evlashi, Belarus on 16 June 1944.

Eugeniusz PLAWSKI - Commodore of the Polish Navy during WW2. He was the commander of the ORP Piorun during the hunt for Bismarck. He truly was a Polish Naval hero. He settled in Canada after the war.

Jakub PLEWA - He fought in the September Campaign, was captured by the Russians, and sent to a POW work camp. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and participated in the Italian Campaign. He emigrated to Canada on a two-year work contract.

Marian PLICHTA - Lt. Marian Plichta, an officer who fought three times under the command of Gen. Stanisław Maczek - in the September Campaign, in the Free Polish Army in France, and in the 1st Polish Armoured Division. He was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS and the Cross of Valour. He returned to Poland after the war.

Janina PLOSKA - Deported to Siberia with her family. On release they evacuated to Persia and were then sent to a Polish settlement in East Africa. After the war, she settled in Canada.

Julian PLOWY - Born in Siberia after his family had been deported there from eastern Poland. After release, he spent the war years at the Santa Rosa Polish settlement in Mexico and later settled in the U.S.

Zbigniew PNIEWSKI - Zbigniew describes how he escaped from the German-controlled part of Poland, and made his way through Yugoslavia and Hungary to Syria. He joined the 3rd Carpathian Rifle Brigade of the Polish 2nd Corps and fought at Tobruk and in the Italian Campaign.

Jozef POCHORYLO - Jozef was deported to Siberia. On release he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Stefania PODSIADLA - Stefnia was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, she evacuated to Persia, and spent 5 years in a Polish refugee camp in India before settling in the UK.

Piotr POLACIK - As a member of the Polish 2nd Corps - 3DSK, Piotr served in North Africa and in the Italian Campaign. He was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS, the Cross of Valour, and other medals. After the war he signed up for a two-year work contract in Tasmania, Australia.

Wladyslawa POLAKIEWICZ - Wladyslawa was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, she evacuated to Persia, then was sent to Tanzania where she stayed at the Polish settlements at Morogoro, Kidugala and Tengeru. After the war, she settled in Perth, Australia.

Piotr POLANSKI - He fought in the September Campaign,evacuated to Beirut, Joined the 3rd Carpathian Rifle Brigade of the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East, then fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada on a 2-year work contract.

Ryszard POLANSKI - Ryszard was a gunner in the Polish Navy during WW2. He served aboard: ORP Burza, Kujawiak, Poirun, and Blyskawica. After the war, he settled in Scotland.

Felicja POLKOWSKA - A teacher in Baranowicz, Poland, September 1939 to April 1940; deported to Siberia, April 1940 to April 1943; inmate in Ashkhabad Prison, Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic, Soviet Union, April 1943; evacuated to Iran with the Polish army in 1942.

Wanda POLTAWSKA - Wanda was a Polish medical student when she was arrested by the Germans in 1941 and sent to the Ravensbrück concentration camp, where she became one of the hundreds of Polish women subjected to the horrific medical experiments. After the war,she was instrumental in documenting the atrocities.

Ewa PONIŃSKA-KONOPACKA - Participant in the Warsaw Uprising of 1944, she then spent years in a German Camp doing slave labour. After the war, she settled in Canada.

Janina POPKIEWICZ - Janina served as a courier for the Home Army (AK) in Lwow, After the war, she repatriated to Krakow before emigrating to Canada in 1958.

Maria POPKIEWICZ - Maria was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, she joined the transport group of the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish 2nd Corps. She served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. After the war, she emigrated to Canada..

Anna POPLEWSKA - Anna recounts her family's journey to Siberia and the subsequent journey south to freedom in Persia.

Tytus POTOCKI - Tytus was deported to Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. After the war he settled in the UK.

Jan PRADYSZCZUK - Jan joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. After the war he remigrated to Canada on a two-year work contract.

Krystyna PRZEDNOWEK - Deported with her family to Siberia, released by the 'amnesty', she evacuated to Persia with the Polish Army, then was sent to a Polish settlement in East Africa. After the war, she spent some years in England before emigrating to Canada..

Father Jan PRZYBYSZ - Deported to Siberia in 1941, Father Jan recounts how he brought spiritual aid to his fellow deportees.

Janina PRZYGONSKA - As a child, Janina was deported to Siberia with her parents and siblings. Only 3 of them survived the ordeal. Janina and her sister spent the war years in a Polish Orphanage in Africa. They moved to Canada after the war, joining their surviving brother.

Zdzislaw PRZYJALKOWSKI - He was a high-ranking officer in the First World War, the Polish-Bolshevik War, and World War Two, who was awarded many medals for his extraordinary service, including the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS. After the war, he emigrated to Sweden.

Czeslaw PUKACZ - He was deported from the Krechowiecka military settlement to Archangelsk Siberia with his parents and siblings. On release, he evacuated to Persia and trained with the Polish 2nd Corps in Irak and Palestine before being transferred to the 1st Polish Armoured Division in Scotland. He fought in the European Campaign and then settled in the UK.

Maria QUAS de PENNO - Deported with her extended family, her younger sister and brother died in the USSR, On release, her father joined the Polish 2nd Corps, while the rest of the family were sent to the Polish settlement at Masindi in Uganda.

Tadeusz RACINOWSKI - Before WW2, Tadeusz served in the Reserve of the Polish army. When the Germans invaded, he fled to the east, where he was captured by the Russians. He later made his way to the Polish Army in Kermine where he died.

Henryk RADECKI - Deported with his family, Henryk became a Polish Air Force Cadet on release, and attended the Mechanics Course in Heliopolis, Palestine. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Wladyslaw RAGINIS - Wladyslaw was a commander of the Border Protection Corps (KOP) during the September Campaign in Poland. At the Battle of Wizna, Raginis' 720 men (out of which roughly 650 were killed) withheld more than 42,000 German soldiers for three days. He was posthumously awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI - GOLD CROSS.

Tadeusz RAJFUR - Deported with his family, Tadeusz became a Cadet on release, and attended the Polish Navy Cadet School in Palestine. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Jozef RALCEWICZ - Deported to Siberia, he then joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East and the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Wladyslaw REDA - Deported to Siberia, he then joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East and the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Emil REKRUT - Deported to Siberia with his family. After they were released, they spent the rest of the war at the Polish settlement in Koja, Uganda. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Jerzy REMBOWSKI - An officer of the State Police until 17 Sept. 1939 - A prisoner of the KOZELSK II camp - An officer of the 11th Gendarmerie Squadron of the Polish 2nd Corps. He returned to Poland after the war.

Barbara ROBASZEWSKA - Deported to Siberia with her family. On release, her father joined the Polish 2nd Corps, The rest of the family spent some time in the Middle East, then at the Morogoro Polish settlement in Uganda, Africa, After the war, they reunited in the UK and eventually moved to the USA

Jan RODOWICZ - Jan was a hero of the Home Army (AK) who participated in the Warsaw Uprising and was later killed by the Security Services. He was awarded the VIRTUTU MILITARI CROSS.

Zofia ROGALSKA-DYNA - She served with the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish 2nd Corps in Italy where she married Wladyslaw Dyna in 1946. After the war, they spent some time in the UK and eventually emigrated to Canada.

Benjamin ROGOZINSKI - Deported to Siberia with her family. On release, he was conscripted into the Kosciuszko Division and fought in battles from Moscow to Berlin. He moved to Berlin after the war, and eventually settled in Brazil.

Filip ROMANCHYSZYN - Filip was deported to Siberia. On release,he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada

Aleksander ROMANKO - He was deported to Siberia with his parents, who died there. On release, he joined the 3rd Carpathian Artilleries Regiment of the Polish 2nd Corps, and participated in the Italian Campaign. After the war he spent some in the UK, and then emigrated to Canada

Maria ROMANKO - Deported to Siberia with her parents and two brothers. On release, the family was scattered between Polish settlements in India, Africa, the Middle East and the UK. After the war, the family reunited in the UK and eventually emigrated to Canada.

Boleslaw ROMANOWSKI - Bolesław Romanowski was the legendary Commander of the following submarines during World War II: ORP "Jastrząb",ORP "Dzik", and ORP "Sokół. He was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS, the Cross of Valour (twice), and several other medals. After the end of World War II, he was one of the few officers who decided to return to Poland.

Jerzy ROMANOWSKI - Jerzy was deported to Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Janina ROWBICKA-GRYZIAK - Deported to Siberia with her parents and siblings. On release, the family travelled to the southern USSR where her father joined the Polish 2nd Corps. Janina, her mother, and siblings spent the war years at the Kidugala Polish settlement in Tanganyika. They emigrated to Canada

Jerzy RÓŻYCKI - Różycki worked with two other mathematicians (Marian Rejewski and Henryk Zygalski) to decipher the German Enigma machine. Różycki contributed original analytical thinking that helped determine rotor settings and dramatically reduced the time required to break daily keys. Many scholars estimate that this achievement shortened the war in Europe by at least two years, saving countless lives across the continent. Tragically, in January 1942, Różycki was traveling aboard the French liner SS Lamoricière when it sank near the Balearic Islands.

Elzbieta ROZKOWIEC-SPECJAN - Deported to Siberia with her parents and siblings. On release, the family travelled to the southern USSR and evacuated to Persia. They spent the war years in a Polish settlement in Africa. They eventually emigrated to Canada

Klemens RUDNICKI - Colonel Rudnicki fought in the September Campaign, then was part of the Home Army (AK) resistance, was captured by the Russians and spent time in prisons and work camps before evacuating to Persia with the newly-formed Polish Army. He joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign, before being transferred to the 1st Polish Armoured Division. He was highly decorated, including the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS, and the Distinguished Service Order (DSO). He settled in the UK after the war.

Marcin RUPNIAK - Marcin fought in the September Campaign, then evacuated Poland and made his way to France and then England. He joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division and fought in the European Campaign. He settled in Australia after the war.

Wincenty RUSINOWSKI - Deported to Siberia. On release, he spent some time in the Middle East and India, then was sent to a Polish settlement in Africa. After the war, he settled in Canada in 1953.

Aniela RUSZEL-PARKITNA - Aniela was deported to Siberia with her parents and siblings from Anielowka near Tarnopol. On release, she journeyed south and evacuated to Persia with the Polish army. She was then sent to the Lusaka Polish settlement in Africa. After the war, she settled in England, spending someyears at the Marsworth Polish Hostel.

Franciszek RUSZKOWSKI - On 9 June 1940 he was incorporated into the Polish Armed Forces near Coëtquidan, France, joining the 7th Infantry Regiment. When France fell, he evacuated to Great Britain (Scotland). On 17 July 1940, he was assigned to the 24th Lancers Regiment of the 1st Polish Armoured Division, and took driving and tank operation courses. He fought in the European Campaign.

Jan RUSZKOWSKI - Deported to Siberia, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps when he was released by the 'amnesty'. He trained with the Corps in the Middle East and participated in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he eventually settled in Argentina where he was a successful architect.

Julian RYBARCZYK - Deported with his family, after his father was arrested. His father later joined the Polish 2nd Corps. Julian served in the 5th Battalion of the 2nd Brigade of the Polish 2nd Corps, and participated in the Italian Campaign. Wounded in action, he was sent to a hospital in Perthshire, Scotland. After the war, he remained in Scotland.

Karol RYBCZYNSKI - Arrested and held in prison in early 1940, then deported to Siberia in July 1940. The memoir ends abruptly at the point that 'amnesty' was declared.

Stanislaw RYBCZYNSKI - as a teenager, Stanislaw was deported to Siberia with his brother and his parents. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, and later transferred to the 1st Independent Parachute Brigade. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Zbigniew RYDELEWSKI - Deported to Siberia with his family. On release, his father joined the Polish 2nd Corps, but was later injured and sent to the Polish settlement at Lusaka in Rhodesia, where his wife and daughter later joined him. Zbigniew went to the Tengeru Polish settlement in East Africa for a short time, then joined the Polish 2nd Corps in Egypt in 1942. After the war, he settled in the UK.

Leon RYDZKOWSKI - Leon was deported to Siberia. On release he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Jan RYMARCZUK - Deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign, After the war, he spent some time in England before emigrating to Canada.

Stanislawa RYMARCZUK - Deported to Siberia with her family. On release, she was sent to the Tengeru Polish settlement in Tanzania, East Africa. After the war,she spent some time in England before emigrating to Canada.

Aleksandra RYMASZEWSKA - Deported to Siberia with his family. On release, she and her surviving sister were sent to the Isfahan Polish Orphanage in Persia (Iran). She later studied in Lebanon. After the war, she settled in the UK.

Waclawa RYSZKOWSKA-ZUCHOWSKA - Deported to Siberia with her family, her husband later died on the journey south. On release, she joined the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish 2nd Corps and served in a hospital in the Middle East. After the war, she settled in the UK.

Walentyna RYSZKOWSKA - Lost her father and 2 siblings in the Ukrainian massacres in the Kresy, then sent to forced labour in Germany with her mother and remaining sisters. She joined the Polish 2nd Corps in 1945 and served in a hospital in the Italy. After the war, she settled in the UK.

Wladyslaw RYSZKOWSKI - Deported to Siberia with his family, his father later died on the journey south. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and was transferred to the 1st Polish Armoured Division in Scotland. He served in the European Campaign and then in the Occupying Forces in Germany from 1945-1947. After the war, he settled in the UK.

RZEWUCKI Family - The family were deported to Siberia on 10 Feb 1940. When they were freed by the 'amnesty', the father Bronislaw, and his eldest son Wladyslaw, enlisted in the Polish 2nd Corps. The mother Marja, and three younger children (Czeslawa, Irena, and Tadeusz) spent the war years in the Tengeru Polish settlement in East Africa. They settled in Canada after the war.

Jan SADOWSKI - Jan fought in the Battle of Tobruk, served in the Middle East and later fought in the Italian Campaign with the Polish 2nd Corps. After the war, he settled in England.

Kazimierz SADOWSKI - Sub-Lieutenant Sadowski was assigned as Torpedo Officer on the Polish submarine ORP Zbik. This is his summary of events between 1 and 25 September 1939.

Bozena SAIN-DZIEGLEWSKA - An excerpt from her book „Z MIEJSCA NA MIEJSCE — opowiadania rodzinne" [“FROM PLACE TO PLACE – Family Stories”] where she describes an extraordinary Christmas Eve during their exile in the USSR.

Jan SAJEWICZ, OMI - Emigrated to Canada in 1938, then spent 1943-1948 ministering to Polish refugees in Africa, before returning to Canada.

Gabriel SAPACZ - Fought in the September Campaign, then was deported to Siberia by the Russians. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East and the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Janina SARNIAK - Deported with her parents, a sister and 2 brothers, only she and one brother survived. Once evacuated to Persia, Janina spent a long time in hospital and then in the Polish Orphanage in Isfahan, before being sent to the Pahiatua Polish Children's Camp in New Zealand.

Tadeusz SAWICZ - Tadeusz was a Pilot in Poland at the onset of the war, he evacuated through Romania, and flew in France, before evacuating to the UK. He was a Pilot & Wing Commander in the Polish Air Force in the UK. After the war he settled in Canada.

Kazimierz SCHALLY - He was a Polish Army Brigadier General noted for his service in artillery commands and high-level administrative roles during the interwar period and World War II. Promoted to Colonel in 1923 and Brigadier General in 1936, he led units such as the 1st Artillery Regiment and the 1st Artillery Group before becoming Chief of the Military Cabinet to President Ignacy Mościcki. In 1944–1945, he headed the Polish Military Mission to the Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force, contributing to Allied coordination efforts.

Stefan SELIGMAN - Deported to Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in the UK.

Edmund SEMRAU - Deported to Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps,then transferred to the 1st Polish Armoured Division and fought in the European Campaign. After the war, he returned to Poland.

Marian SEROWKA - Marian was forcibly conscripted into the German army. He later escaped and joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division. After the war, he settled in the UK.

Bronislawa SIEBERT - Bronislawa was deported to Siberia with her parents. On release, she evacuated to Persia, then was sent to the KIDIGALA Polish Settlement in Africa. After the war, she settled in the UK.

Aleksander SIEMIENIUK - Aleksander fought in the September Campaign in Poland, was captured by the Russians and sent to a slave labour camp in Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

SIEMIENOWSKI Family - The family were deported to Siberia by the Russians in 1940. On release, the father joined the Polish 2nd Corps, while the rest of the family spent the war years in the Koja Polish settlement in Uganda. After the war, they spent some in the UK before emigrating to Buffalo, NY.

SIENKIEWICZ Czeslaw - As a member of the Polish Air Force, Czeslaw participated in the September 1939 Campaign. He was then arrested by the Russians and sent to a POW camp in Siberia. On release, he made his way to India, and then to the UK. He served in the Polish Air Force in the UK from 1942 ro 1948. After the war, he settled in the UK.

Jakub SIKORA - Jakub was deported to Siberia with his family. Released by the 'amnesty', he joined the Polish 2nd Corps. He served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. He then settled in Canada.

SIOMKAJLO Family - Except for 2 members who escaped to Hungary when the Russians invaded, the family was deported to Dzetygara in northernmost Kazakhstan where they were forced to work in a gold mine in the most primitive conditions. Only half the family survived. Four sisters spent some time in the Kidugala Polish settlement in Tanganyika, then two of them joined the Polish Air Force in the UK, while the other two joined the convent in Rongai, Kenya.

Wladyslaw SIWICKI - Fought in the September Campaign, then was deported to a POW camp in Siberia by the Russians. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East and the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Sabina Maria SKAL - Deported with her family from the Korsuny military settlement in Drohiczyn county, of the Polesie voivodeship. On release, she was sent to the Polish Orphanage in Isfahan, Persia, then to South Africa. The family reunited in the UK after the war, and Sabina eventually emigrated to the USA.

Stanislaw SKALSKI - Stanislaw was a pilot in the Polish Air Force when the war broke out. When Poland fell, he made his way to the UK and joined the Polish Air Force there. He became the first Pole to command a RAF squadron, and was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS twice, the Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC) twice, and the Distinguished Service Order (DSO). He returned to Poland after the war and was tried as a spy by the Communist government.

Maria SKARZYNSKA - During the war her father worked as Secretary General of the International Red Cross. He produced a highly accurate report concerning the murder of thousands of Polish officers at Katyn. This report placed full responsibility for these war crimes at the feet of Stalin and the Russian secret forces. For this reason, the family had to leave Poland. They settled in Canada.

Major General Franciszek SKIBINSKI - Served in a number of positions in the 1st Polish Armoured Division throughout the European Campaign.

Hipolit SKINDER - On release from Siberia, Hipolit joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. He emigrated to Canada on a 2-year work contract, and eventually settled in Winnipeg.

Wanda SKROBECKI - Wanda was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, her father joined the Polish 2nd Corps, and she as evacuated to Persia (Iran) with her mother and sister. She attended Polish schools in Teheran and then in Lebanon. After the war the family migrated to Canada and then to the U.S.

Witalis SKORUPKA - Witalis was part of the Home Army (AK) during World War 2, He was responsible for numerous acts of sabotage against the Germans, and spent many years in prison as a result.

Jozef SKRZYNECKI - Jozef was taken to Germany for forced labour in 1942. He escaped in late autumn of 1944 and made his way to Italy where he joined the Polish 2nd Corps. After the war, he returned to Poland.

Jan SKRZYPCZAK - Jan was arested by the Russians trying to cross the border. He describes the conditions in the prisons he was kept in, then in the forced labour camp in Siberia he was sent to. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps.

Emil SKULSKI - Emil served with the the Polish 2nd Corps in the Italian Campaign as a member of the 5 PAL unit - including fighting at Monte Cassino. In September 1944 he joined the 2nd Corp's 663rd Artillery Aircraft Squadron, and continued participating in the Italian Campaign as a pilot. Among other medals, he was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS, the Cross of Valour, and the Monte Cassino Cross #20707. After the war, he emigrated to the U. S.

Roman SKULSKI - An excerpt from Roman’s book “In the Soviet Union Without Toilet Paper” describing his conscription into the Russian Army. Roman eventually joined the Polish 2nd Corps and participated in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Wladyslaw SKWAREK - Wladyslaw was deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Cadets of the Polish 2nd Corps and completed his studies at the Cadet School in Egypt. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Edward SLIWINSKI - Deported to Archangelsk, Siberia as a child, with his parents. They were released on 'amnesty' and made their way south. His father joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division and spent the war in Scotland, while Edward and his mother spent the war years at the Massindi Polish settlement in Uganda, Africa. After the war, he lived in England before emigrating to Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada..

Irena SLIWINSKI - Deported to Siberia as a child, with her sister and their parents. They were released on 'amnesty' and made their way south. Her father joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Italian Campaign. Irena spent the war years at the Massindi Polish settlement in Uganda, Africa with her mother and sister. After the war, she lived in England before emigrating to Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.

Wladyslaw SLIWINSKI - Wladyslaw was a fighter pilot in the 303 Squadron of the Polish Air Force in the UK. He returned to Poland after the war, and was arrested as a spy by the communist government. He was sentenced to death and executed in Warsaw.

Mieczyslaw SLOWIKOWSKI - Mieczyslaw was responsible for setting up the "Station Africa" - the Polish intelligence network in North Africa, and providing reports back to London headquarters.

Marian SLOWINSKI - Fought in the September Campaign, evacuated to Hungary, escaped to France, then evacuated to the UK. Joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division and fought in the European Campaign. He returned to Poland after the war.

Maria SMOLENSKA - Deported to Siberia with her family.On release, she joined the school of the Young Women Volunteers of the Polish 2nd Corps and continued her education. After the war, she lived in England before emigrating to Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.

Stanislaw SMOLENSKI Sr. - He fought in the September Campaign, was captured by the Russians and sent to Kozielsk, then to Archangelsk. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Stanislaw SMOLENSKI Jr. - Deported to Siberia with his mother and brothers. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought at Tobruk and in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he spent some time in the UK before emigrating to Canada.

Kazimierz SMOLINSKI - He fought in the September Campaign, was then captured by the Russians and deported to Siberia.On release, he joined the s Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Eugenia SMOLNICKA - She was deported to Siberia with her parents. Her mother died there. On release, her father joined the Polish 2nd Corps, and Eugenia was sent to the Pahiatua Polish Childrens' Camp in New Zealand, where she settled after the war.

Wladyslaw SMROKOWSKI - He was the Commander of the 1st Independent Commando Brigade and the 2nd Battalion of Motorized Commandos, and fought in the Italian Campaign with the Polish 2nd Corps. After the war he emigrated to the U.S.

Jozef SMYK - Deported to Siberia, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he spent some years in England before emigrating to the U.S.

Waclaw SOBANSKI - Born in the U.S. but raised in Poland, Waclaw was a highly successful fighter pilot who volunteered for the RCAF and later transferred to the USAF during WW2.

Stanislaw SOBIECH - Deported to Siberia, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he he emigrated to Canada on a 2-year work contact, settling in Winnipeg.

Aleksander SOBOTOWSKI - An account of his participation in the September Campaign, then evacuating through Romania and being interned there. He escaped to France, where he joined the Polish Army that had reformed there. He carried out some interesting undercover operations behind enemy lines.

Eugeniusz SOLEMNIK - Deported to Siberia with his parents and siblings, only he and his sister Eugenia survived. Eugeniusz attended the Polish 2nd Corps Cadet School in Palestine, then spent some time in England, before emigrating to Canada.

Teresa SOKOLOWSKA - The family was deported to Siberia. On release, they evacuated to Persia (Iran) with the Polish Army, where Anna's step-father and brother joined the Polish 2nd Corps, while she, her mother and sister made their way to the Santa Rosa Polish settlement in Mexico. The family emigrated to the US after the war, but her sister remained in Mexico.

Bronislaw SOKOLOWSKI - He filled in a qustionnaire in the Middle East in 1943, detailing life in the labour camp in Siberia. His description of life there is very detailed, and includes a list of 32 people who died there.

Bronislaw SOKOLOWSKI - He fought in the September Campaign in Poland, as part of the 24th Heavy Artillery Company. He was later deported to Siberia with his family, On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, and participated in the Italian Campaign. His brother joined the Polish Air Force in the UK, while his mother and two sisters were sent to a Polish settlement in Africa. After the war, they emigrated to Canada.

Jan SOKOLOWSKI - A member of the 3rd Carpathian Brigade at Tobruk, he describes the action there, as well as joining the Polish 2nd Corps in the Middle East, and the move to Italy.

Michal SOKOLSKI - Deported to Siberia, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps on release, and served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. He spent some years in the UK before emigrating to the USA, where he became a successful businessman and inventor.

Jozefa SOLECKI - Deported to Siberia with her parents and siblings, her father died in the labour camp. On release, one brother joined the Polish 2nd Corps, while another brother joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division. The rest of the family went on to Kidugala and Tengeru in Tanganyika, Africa. Joaefa later volkunteered for the Polish Air Force in the UK. She met her future husband while serving in the 300 Bomber Squadron. After the war, they settled in Buffalo, New York.

Jan SOKOLOWSKI - A member of the 3rd Carpathian Brigade at Tobruk, he describes the action there, as well as joining the Polish 2nd Corps in the Middle East and the move to Italy.

Michal SOKOLSKI - Deported to Siberia, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps on release, and served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. He spent some years in the UK before emigrating to the USA and becoming a successful businessman and inventor.

Jozefa SOLECKI - Deported to Siberia with her parents and siblings, her father died in the labour camp. On release, one brother joined the Polish 2nd Corps, while another brother joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division. The rest of the family went to the Polish settlements at Kidugala and Tengeru in Tanganyika, Africa. Jozefa later volunteered for the Polish Air Force in the UK. She met her future husband while serving in the 300 Bomber Squadron. After the war, they settled in Buffalo, New York.

Elzbieta SPECJAN - Deported to Siberia with her parents and siblings. They spent the war years in the Tengeru Polish settlement in Africa, then spent some time in England, before emigrating to Canada.

Wlodzimierz SPECJAN - He fought in the September Campaign in Poland, and was later deported to a POW camp in Siberia by the Russians, On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, and participated in the Italian Campaign. After the war, they emigrated to Canada.

Tadeusz SROKA - On 8 October 1943, during the Battle of the Atlantic, ORP Orkan was conducting anti U-Boat patrols when it was struck by a torpedo from a German submarine. Tadeusz Sroka was one of only 44 sailors to survive the attack after the ship exploded and sank.

STANCZAK Family - The family were deported to Siberia. On release, Lodzia joined the Women's Auxiliary and Tadeusz, Karol & Jan joined the Cadets of the Polish 2nd Corps, while Juliusz and his mother were sent to the Polish refugee camp at Tengeru, Africa. The family settled in Canada after WW2.

Eugenia STANKIEWICZ - Deported from the Hallerowo Settlement to Siberia with his parents and siblings, one of whom died during the journey. His mother died just as 'amnesty' was declared, and his father joined the Polish 2nd Corps, and fought in the Italian Campaign. His older brother joined the Polish Air Force in the UK. He spent the war years in a Polish settlement in India with his younger sister and brother. After the war they emigrated to then USA

Bronislaw STARCZEWSKI - He was deported to Siberia. After release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war he emigrated emigrated to Canada on a 2-year work contract, then settled in Thunder Bay..

Alfreda STARZA-MINISZEWSKA - She was deported to Siberia with her family when she was 12 years old. The family was repatriated to Poland in 1946. Alfreda later emigrated to the UK. She wrote a book titled "Where the Devil Says Goodnight".

Konstanty STARZEWSKI - This is an excerpt from his memoir, describing his family's deportation to forced labour in Germany. His parents and sister emigrated to Canada, while he emigrated to the U.S.

Wladyslaw STASIEWICZ - He was deported to Siberia with his family. Released by the 'amnesty', he and his older brother Edward joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war Wladyslaw emigrated emigrated to Argentina and then to the United States.

Zofia STASZKIEWICZ - She was deported to Siberia. After release, she joined the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish 2nd Corps and served as a nurse in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. After the war she emigrated emigrated to Canada

Barbara STAWSKA - Shewas deported to Siberia. After release, she evacuated to Persia with the Polish 2nd Corps and then was sent to the Valivade Polish settlement in India. After the war she emigrated emigrated to Canada and settled in Winnipeg.

George STECIUK - With his parents, he was deported to Siberia at age 5, and does not recall much from their time there. After release, his father joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign, while he and his mother spent 5 years in the Masindi Polish settlement in Kenya, East Africa, and then the Tengeru Polish settlement. The family reunited in the UK after the war, and then emigrated to Canada.

Marian STECYK - Marian was deported to Siberia with his family, and they spent 6 years in exile before being repatriated to Poland in 1946.

Jan STEPEK - Deported to Siberia with his family, he joined the Polish Navy in the West on release. He served on ORP Krakowiak and ORP Śłazak, and took part in the evacuation of Polish 2nd Corps troops to Italy, as well as the D Day Invasion. After the war, he settled in Scotland.

Marcin STEPIEN - The family was deported to Siberia, where all trace of Marcin were eventually lost. His wife and children returned to Poland after the war.

Leonia STEPIEN - Leonia was deported to Siberia with her husband and his family. On release, her husband joined the Polish 2nd Corps and she joined the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish 2nd Corps. After training in the Middle East, they both volunteered for the Polish Air Force in the UK. Her husband was subsequently killed in a plane crash. Leonia settled in England after the war, and eventually met and married Stanislaw Stepien.

Stanislaw STEPIEN - Stanislaw participared in the September Campaign, then evacuated to Hungary and made his way to France to join the Polish forces there. He was thern evacuated to the UK, where he joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division and fought in the European Campaign. He settled in Bradford after the war.

Maria STRONSKA - The family was deported to Siberia. On release they made their way south, where her father died in Uzbekistan. They evacuated to Persia and then to a Polish settlement in Uganda. Her brother joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division and was killed at Caen. Maria spent some years in the UK before emigrating to Montreal.

Wladyslaw STRONSKI - He fought in the September Campaign, then was a POW at Dachau. On release, he made his way to Italy and joined the Polish 2nd Corps. He spent some years in the UK before emigrating to Montreal.

Jan STROSKI - He fought in the Navy in the September Campaign, then was a POW in Germany. After the war, he spent some years in refugee camps before emigrating to Canada.

Barbara STRUTYNSKI - She was deported to Kazakhstan as a todler, with her mother and grandparents. Her father, a judge, had been arrested earlier and was executed at KATYN. Barbara spent 6 years in exile, was repatriated to Poland in 1947. She later emigrated to the U.S.

Zygfryd STRYJECKI - Entertaining description of the incredible number of times Zygfryd escaped from the German capture, before he finally joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division.

Krystyna STRYKOWSKA - Deported to Siberia with her family, they were repatriated to Poland in 1946. She later emigrated to Canada.

Ianina SUCHARZEWSKA - Ianina was deported to Siberia with her parents. On release, her father joined the Polish 2nd Corps while she and her mother spent the war years at the Kidugala Polish settlement in Tanzania, Africa. They settled in the UK after the war.

Romuald SULINSKI - He was a pilot in the September Campaign in Poland, evacuated to Romania, made his way to France, then the UK, where he joined the Polish Air Force in the UK. He was the Commander to 300 Bomber Squadron and flew many combat mission with them. He and his entire crew died while executing a training flight after the war.

Janina SULKOWSKA-GLADUN - This is an excerpt of her memoir Wartime Memoirs 1939-49, published in Warsaw in 1998. Here she recounts her journey to freedom from the prison camp. She describes the scene in Krasnowodsk and sailing across the Caspian Sea in heart-breaking detail, as well as her time in Pahelevi and Teheran.

Michal SUSLO - He fought in the September Campaign in Poland, and was later deported to a POW camp in Siberia by the Russians, On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, and participated in the Italian Campaign. After the war, they returned to Poland.

Barbara SWIATEK - Her father was executed by the Russians at Katyn. She and her mother were deported to Siberia, where her mother died. She was repatriated to Poland after the war and became very involved in the Sybirak Association.

Sabina SWIATEK - The family was deported to Siberia. On release they spent some time in Polish settlements in the Middle East and then in India. After the war, they settled in the UK.

Wieslawa SWIERCZ - The family was deported to Siberia when she was 4 years old. On release they spent some time in Polish settlements in the Middle East and then in Africa. After the war, they settled in the UK.

Boleslaw SYREWICZ - Deported to Siberia, he was released by the 'amnesty', and joined the Polish 2nd Corps. He evacuated to Persia, then trained in Palestine and Egypt, before sailing to Italy. He participated in all the battles in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Argentina.

Andrew SYSKA - The family was deported to Siberia, and this is an excerpt from the family story, detailing their deportation and the time they spent in Siberia.

SZABANOWICZ Family - The entire family of Muslim Tatars was deported to Siberia They spent some years in the Tengeru Polish settlement in Africa, and later Nairobi, before moving to the UK.

Andrew SYSKA - The family was deported to Siberia, and this is an excerpt from the family story detailing their deportation and the time they spent in Siberia.

SZABANOWICZ Family - The entire family of Muslim-Tatars were deported to Siberia. They spent some years in the Tengeru Polish settlement, and later in Nairobi, Africa, before moving to the UK.

Joanna SZABLICKA-RABKIN - Joanna was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, she was evacuated to Persia then sent to the Valivade Polish settlement in India.

Anna SZAJKOWSKA - Anna was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, she was evacuated to Persia then sent to a Polish settlement in Africa. After the war she spent several years in the UK, then emigrated to Canada.

Kazimierz SZAJKOWSKI - Kazimierz served in the September Camp[aign in Poland, then was deported to Siberia by the Russians. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he spent some years in the UK before emigrating to Canada.

Anna SZALUK-NIZIO - Anna was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, she was evacuated to Persia then sent to a Polish settlement in Rhodesia. After the war she spent some time in the UK, then emigrated to Canada.

Edmund SZAMROWICZ - Edmund was conscripted to the German army. He escaped and joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division and fought in the European Campaign. After the war, he settled in Breda.

Edward SZANDROWSKI - Edward fought in the September Campaign in Poland, was captured by the Russians and sent to Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Eugeniusz SZAPOSZNIKOW - Eugeniusz was a pilot in the September Campaign in Poland. Evacuated to France then to the UK, he served in the Polish Air Force in the UK. Was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS for his actions. He remained in the UK after the war.

Edward SZARZYNSKI - Edward was in France when the war broke out. He made his way to the UK and joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division and fought in the European Campaign. He settled in Breda after the war.

Marianna SZCZEPANSKA - Marianna was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, she was evacuated to the Middle East and then sent to the Santa Rosa Polish settlement in Mexico. After the war, she spent some years in the USA before emigrating to Canada.

Edward SZCZEPANSKI - Edward was deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Jozef SZCZEPANSKI - Jozef was a member of the Home Army and fought in the Warsaw Uprising, where he was killed. He wrote some memorable songs and poems about the fight for freedom, and was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS for his actions.

Michal SZCZEPANSKI - Michal was deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Wladyslaw SZCZEPANSKI - Wladyslaw was deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Anna SZCZEPONEK - Anna describes what l;ife was like at Coombe Park Polish Resettlement Camp after the war.

Bazyli SZCZERBA - Bazyli served in the 1st Polish Armoured Division and fought in the European Campaign. He settled in Breda after the war.

Henryk SZCZESNY - Henryk fought in the September Campaign in Poland, evacuated to Romania, then to France and the UK. He served in a number of Squadrons in the Polish Air Force in the UK and was highly decorated for his service, including the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS and the Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC). He remained in the UK after the war.

Jozef SZEWARD - Jozef was deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Eugenia SZKLARZ - Eugenia was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, they were evacuated to Persia, then to a Polish settlement in Africa. Eugenia joined the Cadets and went to the Polish 2nd Corps Cadet School in the Middle East. After the war, she emigrated to Canada.

Zbigniew SZLAMP - Deported to Siberia, he was released by the 'amnesty', and joined the Polish 2nd Corps. He evacuated to Persia, then transferred to the Polish Air Force in the UK. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Kazimierz SZMIDT - Deported to Siberia, he was released by the 'amnesty', and joined the Polish 2nd Corps, then volunteered for the 1st Polish Independent Parachute Brigade. He took part in the battle at Arnhem.

Witold SZMIDT - Witold was a Siberian deportee, a soldier of the 3rd Infantry Division of the Carpathian Rifle Division, Polish 2nd Corps. He fought in the battles of Monte Cassino, Bologna and Ancona.

Franciszek SZMUNIEWSKI - Franciszek was deported to Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served as a sapper in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in the UK.

Stefan SZNUK - Stefan was in the Polish Air Force during the Polish-Bolshevik war and the September Campaign. He evacuated and made his way to the Polish Air Force in the UK. He settled in Canada.

Zbigniew SZOSTEK - Zbigniew was a pilot in the Polish Air Force in the UK. He was killed with all his crew on 14 August 1944 in Nieszkowice near Bochnia, after dropping supplies to the insurgents of the Home Army in Warsaw.

Maria SZTELA-JURALEWICZ - Maria was deported to Siberia with her family. Her parents died there. She and her siblings evacuated to Persia where her brother joined the Cadets. Maria and her sister spent five years at the Polish Valivade camp in India before settling in England.

Urszula SZULAKOWSKA - Urszula describes in detail what life was like at the Melton Mowbray Polish Resettlement Camp in England.

Franciszek SZUPO - Franciszek fought in the September Campaign, was captured by the Russians and sent to a POW Camp in Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Danuta SZWARC - Danuta was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, they evacuated to Persia and were then sent to the Polish Santa Rosa settlement in Mexico. After the war, she settled in Canada.

Wanda SZWENDER - Deported from the Baterowka Settlement to Siberia with her parents and 3 siblings. On release, they spent some time in the Middle East, then were sent to the Valivade Polish settlement in India. After a short stay in the UK, the family emigrated to Canada.

Wladyslaw SZWENDER - He was deported to Siberia with his mother and sister. On release, he served in the 2nd Brigade of the 3DSK of the Polish 2nd Corps, and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war he came to Canada on the 2-year work contract.

Iwan SZYJKA - He fought in the September Campaign, was captured by the Germans and spent the rest of the war in a German POW camp doing forced labour. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Tadeusz SZYMANSKI - He was deported to Siberia by the Russians. On release, he served in the Polish 2nd Corps, and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in the UK.

Witold SZYMANSKI - In this memoir, titled "Human Traces", Witold describes pre-war life in the Kresy, the deportation of his family to forced labour in Siberia, his father joining the Polish 2nd Crops while he, his mother and sisters made their way to the Masindi Polish settlement in Uganda. His mother died there. After the war, the siblings joined their father in England, where Witold pursued his studies and eventually settles in Wales. He married Kazimiera Kozlowska who had also been deported and had spent the war years in Massindi.

Wladyslaw SZYMANSKI - Wladyslaw was taken to forced labour by the Germans. He escaped and joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to the US.

Waclaw SZYPULEWSKI - He was a pilot during the September Campaign in Poland. He evacuated to Romania, and later escaped to England where he joined the Polish Air Firce in the UK. He served in the 309 Squadron. After the war, he settled in Montreal, Canada.

Wladyslaw SZYSZKO - Wladyslaw was deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps Cadet School in Palestine. After the war, he settled in the UK.

Tadeusz TABACZEK - Tadeusz served in the September Campaign, then evacuated to Hungary. He eventually made his way to France and then to England, where he joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division, and fought in the European Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Stanislaw TARASZEWICZ - When the war broke out, he joined the Volunteer Formation of 600 young men to defend Wilno. He was subsequently arrested and interned in Lithuania. After escaping to Poland, he joined the Home Army (AK) and participated in many underground activities. He was deported to Siberia in April 1941, but released by the 'amnesty' several months later. He joined the 10th Sappers Battalion of the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. He was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS. After the war, he lived in the UK, before emigrating to Canada in 1955.

Aleksander TARNAWSKI - Aleksander Tarnawski was an officer of the Polish 1st Armoured Division and of the Homer Army (AK) in Poland. He was the last of the 316 members of the elite force (the “Cichociemni – Silent Unseen”) of the Home Army (AK).

Anatol TARNOWIECKI - Anatol fought in the September Campaign, was captured and sent to a POW Camp in Siberia by the Russians. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. He was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS . He returned to Poland.

Nikodem TAWKIN - Nikodemfought in the September Campaign, was captured and sent to a POW Camp in Siberia by the Russians. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. He emigrated to Canada after the war.

Stanislaw TEBINKA - He was deported to Siberia and later joined the Polish 2nd Corps. He trained in the Middle East and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Thunder Bay, Canada.

TELEGA Family - Franciszek fought in the September Campaign, was caught by the Russians and sent to a POW camp in Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, fought in the Italian Campaign. Stefania was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, she joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served as a nurse in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. After the war, they emigrated to Canada.

Kazimierz TERAJEWICZ - He was deported to Siberia and later joined the Polish 2nd Corps. He trained in the Middle East and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he spent some time in the UK, then emigrated to Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada.

Boleslaw TKACZUK - He was forcibly conscripted into the Russian army, then sent to Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps. He fought in the Italian Campaign, then emigrated to Canada.

Stefan TKACZUK - Stefan fought in the September Campaign in Poland, was captured by the Russians, and sent to a POW camp in Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps. He fought in the Italian Campaign, then emigrated to Canada.

Wladyslawa TOKARSKA - Wladyslawa was forcibly deported to Siberia with her parents and six siblings. She was the only one who survived. She evacuated to Persia with the Polish Orphanage and then spent the rest of the war years at Colonia Santa Rosa in Mexico. After the war, she settled in the USA.

Irene TOMASZEWSKI - Irene's parents and sisters were deported when her mother was 6 months pregnant with her. She was born at the Rosochy labour camp near Archangelsk. On release, her father joined the Polish 2nd Corps, while she, her mother, and her sisters made their way to the Tengeru Polish settlement in Africa. After the war, the family settled in Canada.

Krystyna TOMASZYK - Deported to Siberia with her mother and brother, after her father was arrested by the Russians. On release, her father joined the Polish 2nd Corps, while she, her mother, and her brother made their way to the Isfahan Polish Orphanage in Persia, then to the Pahiatua Polish Children's Camp in New Zealand. After the war, the family settled in NZ.

Wladyslaw TOMCZYNA - Wladyslaw fought in the September Campaign in Poland, was captured by the Germans, and sent to a POW camp in Germany. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Anna TOMERA - Deported to Siberia with her family. On release, her father joined the Polish 2nd Corps and they lost all trace of him. Anna stayed in a number of orphanages, including the Polish settlement in Uganda. She settled in Canada after the war.

Antoni TOMSZAK - He served in the September Campaign, then evacuated to Hungary. He made his way to the Middle East and joined the 3rd Carpathian Rifle Brigade of the Polish 2nd Corps and fought at Tobruk and in the Italian Campaign. He settled in Canada after the war.

Czeslaw TOPOSZKIEWICZ - Czeslaw fought in the September Campaign in Poland, was arrested by the Russians and sent to a Siberian labour camp. After release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

August TRELLA - August served with the 1st Polish Armoured Division in the European Campaign. After the war, he settled in Breda.

Lt Col Maria TROJANOWSKA - Lieutenant-Colonel Maria Trojanowska - Commander of the 316 Transport Company of the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish 2nd Corps. She had been in the Home Army (AK) for the first year of the war, was arrested by the Russians and deported to Siberia. On release, she joined the Women's Young Cadets and rose to the rank off Lt Col. After the war, she settled in the USA.

Henryk TROSZCZYNSKI - He was a witness of the Katyn forest death pits. He saw the mass graves of the Katyn Massacre as early as 1942. He later joined the Home Army (AK) and fought in the Warsaw Uprising.

Bogdan TRYBUCHOWSKI - Bogdan describes the deportation, life in Siberia, and the family's release, in great detail. His father joined the Polish 2nd Corps, while he, his sister. and his mother spent the rest of the war in the Tengeru Polish settlement in Africa. They later settled in the UK.

Katarzyna TUCZYNSKA-SAWICKA - Deprted with her family, her mother died on the journey south to find the Polish army in the USSR. Her brothers joined the Polish 2nd Corps, while she, her father, and her sister spent 5 years in the Koja Polish settlement in Uganda. She settled in Canada..

Jerzy TUMANISZWILI - Jerzy Tumaniszwili was a Polish naval commander of Georgian aristocratic descent. A World War II veteran and later an émigré to the United States, he received the rank of rear-admiral from the government of Poland in 2008.

Jozef TUMIELI - Jozef Tumiel, was an officer of the Polish Army in the USSR, Commander of the General Staff of the Polish 2nd Corps, and special orders officer to General Anders. After the war he settled in North Rhodesia (now Zambia).

Antoni TURBIARZ - Antoni fought in the September Campaign in Poland, evacuated, and made his way to Syria where he joined the Polish Carpathian Brigade and fought in the Battle of Tobruk. With the Polish 2nd Corps, he fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Bronislawa TURKIEWICZ - Bronislawa was deported to Siberia with her children, after her husband was arrested by the Soviets. She later learned that he was executed at Katyn. Bronislawa was repatriated to Poland in 1946.

Franciszek TURKIEWICZ - Franciszek was a member of the Military Police in pre-war Kresy. Here he describes his service in the Military Police criminal investigations unit. Franciszek was executed in the Katyn massacres.

Karol TURKIEWICZ - Karol was a member of Pilsudski's Legions in pre-war Kresy. Here he describes the activities he took part in during that period.

Ryszard TURKIEWICZ - Ryszard was deported to Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Karolina UCHMAN - This is an excerpt about the Polish settlements in Mombasa, Kenya - Masindi, Uganda - Koja, Uganda in Africa, from the book "Karolina Remembers"

UNSIGNED - A child remembers life in the Polish Orphanage in Meshed, Persia (Iran) after she was released from the USSR

Franciszek URBAN - He was deported to Siberia with his family. His mother and brother died on the journey south. Franciszek joined the Polish 2nd Corps Cadet School in Palestine. On graduating, he enlisted in the Polish 2nd Corps. After the war, he settled in the US and had a varied and colourful career, travelling extensively and frequently living abroad.

Maria URBANIAK - She was a lawyer in Wilno and was deported to Kazakhstan. On release, she joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East and in England. She then emigrated to the USA.

Augustyn URBANSKI - Augustyn served in the European Campaign of the 1st Polish Armoured Division. After the war, he settled in Breda.

Witold URBANOWICZ - Witold fought in aerial combat over Poland, in the Battle of Britain, and in China with the Flying Tigers of Gen. Claire L. Chennault. He earned Poland's highest decoration for valor, the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS, and the British Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC).

Jan Wladyslaw URIASZ - Jan participated in the September Campaign in Poland, then evacuated to France to continue fighting the Germans. He was part of the 2nd Polish Corps - Carpathian Rifles Division, and worked with the French Resistance for which he was awarded the "CROIX DE GUERRE " - France's highest military honour.

Anna USOWICZ - She was captured and taken to forced labour in Germany. Both her brothers joined the Polish 2nd Corps. After the war, the family were reunited in the UK and Anna later emigrated to Canada

Ewa VOGEL - She and her family were being taken from the Lubaczów Ghetto to the Belzec Concentration Camp when Ewa escaped from the train. Her parents and siblings were all killed. Ewa took on a Christian identity and survived the war. She later emigrated to New Orleans.

Romana WAL - Arrested for her involvement with the resistance, Romana was imprisoned in the Siberian Gulag for two years. After her release, she joined the Polish 2nd Corps in Uzbekistan. Subsequently, she was evacuated through Iran, Palestine and Egypt to England where she joined the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish Air Force in 1943. She married in England and, with her husband and daughter, moved to Toronto and eventually to Seattle.

Roman WAL - Roman Wal, born on April 24, 1916, in Boryslaw, Poland (today Boryslav, Ukraine), passed away on July 13, 1998, in Bellevue, Washington, USA. He held the rank of Captain in the Polish Air Force (PAF), equivalent to Flight Lieutenant in the Royal Air Force (RAF), and later served as Flying Officer in the Royal Canadian Air Force Reserve.

Jan WALENCIEJ - Jan was forcibly conscripted into the Russian Army, and later sent to a POW camp in Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East and the Italian Campaign.

Marian WALENTYNOWICZ - He was a Polish architect, cartoonist, and writer. During the Second World War he served as a correspondent in the 1st Polish Armoured Division of General Maczek.

Helena WALICHNOWSKA - Helena was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, she continued her studies in Palestine, then moved to the UK after the war. Helena eventually settled in Winnipeg, MB.

Stanislaw WALICHNOWSKI - Stanislaw was taken to forced labour by the Germans. He escaped and made his way to Italy where he joined the Polish 2nd Corps. After the war, he settled in Winnipeg, MB.

Jan WALIS - The text is the last chapter of the book written by his daughter, Christine Bell. It addresses the dilemma of returning to Poland, or staying in the UK.

Franciszek WALKERMAN - Franciszek fought in the September Campaign, then evacuated to Romania. He made his way to the UK where he joined the 300 Squadron and then the 301 Squadron of the Polish Air Force. After the war, he settled in Winnipeg, Manitoba.

Leon WANDYCZ - Leon was in France, away from his family, when the war broke out. He joined the Polish army there, then evacuated to Scotland where he joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division and fought the European Campaign. He settled in Scotland after the war.

Henryk WARS - Prolific Polish composer, conductor, arranger, songwriter, both before, during and after WW2. As a member of the Polish 2nd Corps, performed in the Middle East and Italy, and composed the famous `Red Poppies on Monte Cassino`. He emigrated to the USA after the war, and continued composing for famous US singers.

Henryk WARSZA - Deported to Siberia, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps on release, and served in the Military Police as Sergeant. He served in the Middle East and the Italian Campaign. He settled in Canada .

Jan WARZEL - Taken to forced labour by the Germans, Jan escaped and made his way to the Polish 2nd Corps where he served in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Liliana WASILEWSKA - Liliana was deported to Siberia with her father Stefan, mother Bronislawa, and sisters Hanna and Renata. They were repatriated to Poland in 1946. Liana emigrated to Chicago in 1974.

Aniela WAWRZYNCZYK - Aniela was deported to Siberia with her family. She then spent 5 years at the Valivade Polish settlement in India before settling in England.

Stefan WAYDENFELD - Stefan was deported to Siberia with his parents.On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, trained in the Middle East, and participated in the Italian Campaign, including the battle of Monte Cassino. He settled in England after the war and wrote "The Ice Road".

Franciszek WDOWCZYK - Franciszek was deported to Siberia with his parents and seven siblings. On release, they were sent to Polish Refugee Camps in Africa, then England. Franciszek settled in Canada after the war.

Stefan WESOLOWSKI - Soldier of Poland at age 9, Corporal at age 12, Stefan was a highly decorated Naval hero of Poland and the U.S., serving onboard the ORP Blyskawica and the USAT Ganandoc during WW2. He and his family settles in the United States after the war.

Marian WIACEK - Marian was deported to Siberia at age 10, with his mother and siblings. On release, they made their way south and eventually reached Persia (Iran). From there, they were sent to the Koja Polish settlement in Uganda. Marian joined the Polish 2nd Corps Cadet School in Palestine and was later sent to England, where the family reunited. He later settled in Canada.

Maria WIECEK - Maria was deported to Siberia with her parents and brothers. On release, they made their way south and eventually reached Persia (Iran) and then the Tengeru Polish settlement in East Africa. After thw war, she spent some time in the UK and eventually settled in Canada.

Józef WIECZOREK - Józef was a worker from Tomaszów Mazowiecki. He was not a political figure, not a general, not a man whose name appears in textbooks. He was an ordinary Pole living through an extraordinary time of terror. Like millions of others, his life was overturned by the German invasion and occupation of Poland in 1939, a campaign that was not merely military conquest but a systematic attempt to dismantle Polish society. He was murdered in Auschwitz on 26 February 1943 at the age of 38 years.

Tomasz WIELGAT - Conscripted into the Russian Army, he later escaped and joined the Home Army (AK) in Wolyn, Poland. He settled n Canada after war.

Julian WIELGOSZ - Julian, a pilot in the Polish Air Force in the UK - 305 Squadron. He describes flying missions over Germany during WW2.

Alfred WIELISZEK - Alfred served in the European Campaign of the 1st Polish Armoured Division. After the war. he settled in Breda.

Jozef WIERCINSKI - Deported to Siberia, Jozef ended up at the Polish settlement in Santa Rosa, Mexico where he married and had 2 children. Jozef died before the family could emigrate to the U.S. His wife and children settled in Poland.

Piotr WIGORSKI - Deported to Siberia, Piotr joined the Polish 2nd Corps on release, and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Henryk WIKTOROWICZ - Henryk was deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and participated in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Karolina WIKTOROWICZ - Karolina was deported to Siberia with her family. Her mother placed her and her sister in a Polish Orphanage in Uzbekistan and she was later sent to the Polish settlement in Masindi, Uganda. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Izabela WILBIK - Izabela was a 17-year-old volunteer of the Home Army (AK) during the Warsaw Uprising. She was fatally injured while tending to a colleague, and died two days after he did. She was buried in haste, but her body was exhumed after the war and re-buried in the Powązki Military Cemetery in Warsaw.

Eugenia WILKOWSKA - Eugenia was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, she spent 6 years at the Polish settlement in Koja, Uganda. After the war, she settled in Canada.

Samuel WILLENBERG - Samuel was a prisoner at the Treblinka Concentration Camp. He participated in the uprising there, was injured, and managed to escape. He later participated in the Warsaw Uprising. Samuel was highly decorated by the Polish state. He later settled in Israel.

Tadeusz WILTON - Tadeusz was captured by the Russians and sent to Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Zbigniew WILSKI - His father was arrested soon after the Russians invaded, and was sent to Siberia. Zbigniew and the rest of the family were deported in June 1941. Released by the 'amnesty', he joined the 3DSK of the Polish 2nd Corps, and spent some time serving in the Middle East. He drove an ambulance during the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Wojciech WINNIK - He was deported to Siberia with his wife and family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in the UK.

Longin WINSKI - Born and raised by immigrant parents in Michigan, he volunteered for the Polish Air Force in Canada, and took the first flying courses at various locations in Canada. He then transferred to England, and flew with several squadrons there. At the end of the war, he transfered to the US Air Force. and was killed during a training exercise.

Barbara WISZOWATY-BROZYNA - Barbara was a member of the Home Army (AK) in Warsaw and took part in the Warsaw Uprising. After the war, she lived in the British sector of Germany before emigrating to Canada.

Anton WITKOWSKI - When war broke out, Anton was on active duty and fought in the September Campaign. He then evacuated through Romania and eventually made his way to the Middle East, where he joined the Polish 2nd Corps. He later transferred to the Polish Air Force in the UK, and served at a number of RAF bases. After the war, Anton settled in the UK.

Tadeusz WIZLO - Fought in the September Campaign, caught by the Russians and deported to Siberia. On release he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he emigrated to Canada on a two-year work contract.

Edward WOJCIECHOWSKI - Deported to Siberia, on release he joined the Polish 2nd Corps. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Henryk WOJCIECHOWSKI - Forcibly conscripted into the German army, he eventually escaped and joined the Polish 2nd Corps. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Tadeusz WOJCIECHOWSKI - At age 14 he was sent to forced labour in Germany, and later conscripted into the German Army. After escaping, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps. After the war, he settled in Canada.

WOJCIK Family - The family was deported to Siberia in 1940, and four family members died in exile. On release, the family evacuated to Persia with the Polish army, then were sent to the Masindi Polish settlement in Uganda. Janina left Masindi in 1943 to join the Polish Air Force in the UK. The rest of the family remained in Masindi until 1948. After the war, they settled in the UK.

Kazimierz WOJCIK - Deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in Canada.

Janina WOJCIKOWSKA-WIKTOR - She was deported to Siberia with her family. On release,she joined the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish 2nd Corps, trained in the Middle East, and participated in the Italian Campaign. After the war, she settled in Canada.

Michal WOJCZYNSKI - Michal fought in the September Campaign in Poland, then was captured by the Russians and sent to a POW camp in Siberia. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, fought at the Battle of Tobruk and in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he first settled in Holland, and later emigrated to Canada.

Jozef WOJDYLA - Deported to Siberia with his family, on release he joined the Polish 2nd Corps. Once in the Middle East he was chosen to train with the 1st Independent Parachute Brigade in Scotland. As a paratrooper, he took part in the Market Garden action.

Michal WOJDYLA - Deported to Siberia with his family, on release he joined the Polish 2nd Corps. As a member of the 3rd Carpathian Rifle Brigade he took part in the Italian Campaign, including Monte Cassino.

WOJEWODZKA Twins - Alina and Iwona were deported with their mother and spent nearly 2 years on a collective farm in northern Kazakhstan. On release, they joined the Junior Women's Auxiliary of the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East.

Bronislaw WOJNIAK - Bronislaw was deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he and his family were evacuated to Persia then sent to a Polish refugee camp in Africa. He moved to the UK after the war.

Kazimierz WOJTAS - Deported to Siberia with his family, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps Cadet School in the Middle East, then served with the British Army, before emigrating to Canada.

Waclaw WOJTAS - Deported to Siberia with his family, he joined the British Army in England and served for a number of years before emigrating to Canada.

WOJTEK the Soldier Bear - Wojtek was officially a Corporal in the Polish 2nd Corps. He was with the Corps in the Middle East, Italy, and then Scotland. This is a brief summary of his life.

Stefan WOJTOWICZ - Stefan was a pilot during the September Campaign in Poland, then evacuated to France, and later to England. He was assigned to the Polish 303 Squadron and was killed in action while in combat against several German fighters. He had been shot in the forehead by a cannon shell and crashed in flames 2 miles east of Westerham Village. He was 21 years old.

Stefania WOJTULANIS - Stefania was a pilot in the ATS service and was the first woman to fly 1,000 hours on combat aircraft. After the war, she settled in the USA.

Rozalia WOLCZYK - Rozalia was deported with her family. Three family members died in Siberia. Two brothers joined the Polish 2nd Corps, and two brothers joined the cadets. The rest of the family spent 6 years at a Polish settlement in Africa. After the war, she settled in Canada.

Witold WOROBIEJ - Witold fought in the September Campaign, was captured by the Russians and sent to a POW camp in Siberia. On release, he evacuated the USSR to Persia, then served in the 1st Polish Armoured Division in Scotland and in the European Campaign. After the war, he settled in Breda.

Ryszard WOZNIAK - Ryszard served in the 1st Polish Armoured Division in Scotland and in the European Campaign. After the war, he settled in Breda.

Wladyslawa WROBLEWSKA-CHALKO - Wladyslawa was deported to Siberia. On release, she joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served as a nurse in the Middle East and the Italian Campaign. After the war, she spent some years in the UK before emigrating to the USA.

Ryszard WROBLEWSKI - Ryszard fought in the September Campaign, then evacuated to Hungary and made his way to France to join the Polish Army being formed there. He evacuated to the UK and joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division and fought in the European Campaign. After the war, he returned to Poland.

Marian WRZYSZCZ - Marian recalls how the Melton Mowbray Polish Resettlement Camp was set up in 1946-47, to house Polish servicemen and women after WW2.

Kazimierz WUNSCHE - Kazimierz was a pilot in the Polish Air Force in Poland and in the UK. He was awarded the VIRTUTI MILITARI CROSS. After the war, he returned to Poland.

Wilhelm WYLENZEK - Wilhelm fought in the European Campaign of the 1st Polish Armoured Division. After the war he settled in Breda.

Tadeusz WYSOCKI - Tadeusz escaped Poland and joined the Polish Army in France. He then evacuated to the UK and was a member of the 1st Polish Armoured Division - 10th Mounted Rifle Regiment.

Aleksandra ZABAWA - Aleksandra was deported to Siberia with her family. On release, they evacuated to Persia (now Iran) and spent the war years in Polish refugee settlements. After the war, Aleksandra settled in Winnipeg, Canada.

Tadeusz ZABICKI - Tadeusz was a highly decorated pilot of the Polish Air Force in the UK. He was killed, along with half his crew, when his plane crashed on a mission near Amsterdam.

Henryk ZACHAREWICZ - Henryk was deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. Henryk was one of the caretakers of "Wojtek the soldier bear". After the war, Henryk settled in Canada.

Bronislaw ZADROZNY - Bronislaw served in the 1stPolish Aemoured Division and fought in the European Campaign. He then served with the Occupying Forces in Germany before returning to the UK.

ZAK Family - The father served in the September Campaign, was captured and spent the rest of the war in a German POW camp, where he died in 1946. The rest of the family was deported to Siberia . On release, they evacuated to Persia (Iran) with the Polish Army, then made their way to the Santa Rosa Polish settlement in Mexico. They emigrated to the US in 1948.

Anna ZAKRZEWSKA - was a member of the Home Army, code named “Hanka Biała”. She served as a courier during the Warsaw Uprising and was killed while attempting to deliver a message.

Wladyslaw ZAKRZEWSKI - Wladyslaw was deported to Siberia by the Russians. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and served in the Middle East and in the Italian Campaign. He settled in Canada.

Eugeniusz ZALESKI - was a member of the Polish Air Force in Poland and then in the UK. After the war he spent some time in England before emigrating to Canada. He spent years developing the airline industry in northern Manitoba.

Wladyslaw ZARCZYNSKI - Here he escribes pre-war life in Wolyn province, the Ukrainian massacres, deportation to slave labour in Germany, post-war refugee camps in Germany, and emigration to Australia.

Anna ZARNECKI - The family was deported to Siberia. On release, they evacuated to Persia (Iran) with the Polish Army, where Anna's father joined the Polish 2nd Corps, while she, her mother and sister made their way to Santa Rosa Polish settlement in Mexico. The family emigrated to the US, but Anna remained in Mexico where she married and raised a family.

Elzbieta ZAWACKA - Female elite soldier of great courage, of the "Cichociemni" (Silent Unseen) during WW2. When the new, Soviet-controlled regime took over Poland, she was a member of anti-communist "WiN" ("Freedom and Independence") party. She also helped the Solidarity Trade Union in the 1980s.

Janusz ZAWODNY - Professor Zawodny was part of the Home Army (AK) during WW2 and participated in the Warsaw Uprising. He settled in the USA after the war and taught at several universities. He wrote the book "Death in the Forest" about the KATYN massacres.

Maria ZEGLINSKA - Deported to Siberia with her husband Eugeniusz, children Czeslaw and Danuta, and parents Jozef and Zofia Baron, and brothers Jan and Adolf Baron. On release, Eugeniusz and Adolf joined the Polish 2nd Corps, while the rest of the family spent the war years at the Polish settlements of Kidugala and Rusape in East Africa. After the war, they settled in Canada.

Eugeniusz ZEGLINSKI - Deported to Siberia with his and his wife's family. On release, Eugeniusz joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign, while the rest of the family spent the war years in a Polish settlement in East Africa. After the war, they settled in Winnipeg, Canada.

Aldona ZEKRZEWSKA - Deported to Siberia with her parents and siblings. On release, her father and brother joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign, while the rest of the family spent the war years in a Polish settlement. After the war, they settled in the UK.

Zosia ZEMANEK - Deported with her mother and sisters, after her father and grandfather were arrested - they were executed as part of the Katyn massacres. Zosia joined the Women's Auxiliary of the Polish 2nd Corps in Persia and became a nurse. She participated in the Italian Campaign. She settled n Canada.

Leslaw ZIELINSKI - Deported to Siberia with his mother and brother, after his father was sent to a POW camp. On release, his father and brother joined the Polish Army while Leslaw and his mother spent the war years in the Masindi Polish settlement in Uganda. After the war, he emigrated to Canada.

Stefan ZIELINSKI - Stefan fought in the September Campaign, evacuated to France and then to England, and joined the 1st Polish Armoured Division. He then fought in the European Campaign. He lived in the UK for several years before emigrating to Canada.

Tadeusz ZIELINSKI - Tadeusz was taken to Germany for forced labour. On release by the Allies, he lived in Wales for several years before emigrating to Canada.

Lech Marian ZIOLOWSKI - Deported to Siberia, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps on release, and later switched to the 1st Independent Parachute Brigade and participated in Operation Market Garden.

ZOZIA'S Story - Zosia (last name unknown) was taken to Germany for forced labour. When she returned to Poland in 1945, she was sent to Siberia, where she remained until 1946. Here, she provides a detailed description of these experiences. After living in Poland for a few years, she eventually settled in the UK.

Michal ZUKOWSKI - He was deported to Siberia with his family. On release, He, his father and brother joined the Polish 2nd Corps. He was a tank driver in the 2nd Armoured Brigade of the Polish 2nd Corps, and participated in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he lived in the UK, before emigrating to the USA.

Jan ZUPA - Jan fought in the September Campaign, was captured by the Russians and sent to Siberia. On release he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, then transferred to the 1st Polish Armoured Division. He fought in the European Campaign with the Division. After the war, he settled in Breda.

Agnieszka ZUREK- Deported to Siberia, she lost her husband and five of her seven children. She and her surviving children spent 6 years at the Tengeru Polish settlement in Tanzania, East Africa. After the war, Agnieszka settled in Canada

Janina ZWIERCIADLOWSKA - Deported to Siberia with her husband and 2 young children. On release, she and her surviving son were sent to the Polish settlement in Santa Rosa, Mexico. After the war, she settled in Manitoba, Canada.

Maciej ZWIERZ - Maciej describes life as a cadet at the Military Medical Academy in Warsaw between the years 1935 and 1939. After the war, Maciej settled in Canada.

Czeslaw ZYCHOWICZ - Ceslaw was deported to Siberia with his family. On release, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps and fought in the Italian Campaign. After the war, he settled in the UK and was a driving force in the Polish community, as a social, scouting, and combatant activist.

Jan ZYCNON - Jan was a very successful Military Intelligence officer during WW2. He photographed military correspondence taken from German transit wagons, and the Wehrmacht never caught on. He was killed at the Battle of Monte Cassino.

Nina ZYLKO - Nina was born in Siberia. Her mother was 8 months pregnant when she and her family were deported to Archangelsk. The family laboured there for 5 years before being repatriated to Poland.

Ignacy ZYWOTKIEWICZ - Ignacy was deported to a wok camp in Siberia, where he toiled for nearly 2 years. Released by the 'amnesty', he joined the Polish 2nd Corps, fought at Tobruk in North Africa, aand in the Italian Campaign.. After the war, Ignacy settled in Canada.

More memoirs are available at the following links:

KRESY FAMILY RECOLLECTIONS

as well as at the

Polish History New Zealand website

Personal memoirs / bios

Learn the history through these personal stories

Personal
memoirs / bios

Learn the history
through these personal stories